骨修复用钛合金-羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备工艺及性能综述  

A Review on Preparation Process and Properties of Titanium Alloy-Hydroxyapatite Composite Materials for Bone Repair

作　　者：姜文平 庞兴志 何娟霞 杨文超 湛永钟 JIANG Wenping;PANG Xingzhi;HE Juanxia;YANG Wenchao;ZHAN Yongzhong(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;School of Resources,Environment and Materials,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学化学化工学院,南宁530004 [2]广西大学资源环境与材料学院,南宁530004 [3]省部共建特色金属与组合结构全寿命安全国家重点实验室,南宁530004

出　　处：《材料导报》2025年第5期49-62,共14页Materials Reports

基　　金：广西自然科学基金重点项目(2024JJD160014)。

摘　　要：骨修复用钛合金-羟基磷灰石(HA)复合材料因兼具良好的生物相容性与力学性能而备受关注。材料的金属部分构成了具有良好力学性能的基体骨架,由钙磷化合物组成的非金属部分则能有效促进骨细胞生长,确保材料具有良好的生物相容性。该类材料现有制备工艺有高温烧结和搅拌摩擦焊接两大类,其中高温烧结主要包括热压烧结、无压传热烧结、放电等离子烧结、微波烧结与激光烧结。目前高温烧结存在着烧结温度低时力学性能不足与烧结温度过高时钙磷化合物热分解严重的问题,而搅拌摩擦焊接制备工艺尚不成熟。本文介绍了骨修复用钛合金/HA复合材料的上述制备工艺的工作原理与特点,分析和讨论了各制备工艺对材料的相组成、微观组织形貌、力学性能与生物相容性的影响,阐述了高温烧结机理、烧结过程是否加压等工艺因素是影响材料性能的重要原因的观点,认为对钙磷化合物影响较小的搅拌摩擦焊接和微波烧结这两种制备工艺具有较好的发展潜力,并总结了各制备工艺的优缺点与评价其发展前景,最后提出骨修复用钛合金/HA复合材料制备工艺的三个研究方向。Titanium alloy-hydroxyapatite composite materials for bone repair have attracted much attention due to their excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties.The metal part of the material constitutes a matrix skeleton with good mechanical properties,while the non-metallic part composed of calcium phosphate compounds can effectively promote bone cell growth and ensure good biocompatibility of the material.There are two main preparation processes for this type of material:high-temperature sintering and friction stir welding.High temperature sintering mainly in-cludes hot pressing sintering,pressureless heat transfer sintering,discharge plasma sintering,microwave sintering,and laser sintering.At pre-sent,there are problems with insufficient mechanical properties during low-temperature sintering and severe thermal decomposition of calcium phosphate compounds during high-temperature sintering in the high-temperature sintering process,while the preparation process of friction stir welding is yet inchoate.This review summarizes the working principle and characteristics of the aforementioned preparation process of titanium al-loy hydroxyapatite composite materials for bone repair.It analyzes and discusses the influence of each preparation process on the products’phase composition,microstructure,mechanical properties,and biocompatibility.It elaborates the viewpoint that high-temperature sintering mecha-nism,the pressure condition(pressurized or pressureless)of the sintering process,and other process factors affect greatly the material proper-ties,and depicts the promising potential of the two preparation processes,i.e.,friction stir welding and microwave sintering,owing to relatively small impact on calcium phosphate compounds.It also clarifies the advantages/disadvantages and development prospect of the preparation processes entailed,and finally ends with a tentative prophecy about the three research directions in the preparation process of titanium alloy hydroxyapatite composite materials for bone repair.

关 键 词：钛合金-羟基磷灰石复合材料 制备工艺 羟基磷灰石 粉末冶金 搅拌摩擦焊接 

分 类 号：TG148[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]