1060-H24纯铝无轴肩微型搅拌摩擦焊的数值模拟分析  

Numerical Analysis of Micro Stir Friction Welding of 1060-H24 Pure Aluminum Without Shoulder-less Stirring Tool

作　　者：张昌青[1,2] 马东东 谷怀壮 王栋 刘恩荣 张鹏省[3] ZHANG Changqing;MA Dongdong;GU Huaizhuang;WANG Dong;LIU Enrong;ZHANG Pengsheng(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metal,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;Northwest Nonferrous Metals Research Institute,Xi’an 710016,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室,兰州730050 [2]兰州理工大学材料科学与工程学院,兰州730050 [3]西北有色金属研究院,西安710016

出　　处：《材料导报》2025年第5期217-222,共6页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52261013)。

摘　　要：使用ABAQUS有限元软件建立了顺序热力耦合数值模型,对常规与无轴肩两种搅拌工具下的微型搅拌摩擦焊焊接过程的温度场、应力及接头残余变形分布进行对比分析,并采用实验热电偶测温对热源模型的边界条件进行了校核。结果表明:两种搅拌工具下的焊接接头经历不同的加热和冷却焊接热循环,实测常规工具焊接接头的峰值温度约为362℃,而无轴肩工具焊接接头的峰值温度仅为143℃;焊件表面的残余应力均以焊缝中心对称分布,常规工具残余应力主要分布在轴肩区域,最大残余应力为116 MPa。无轴肩工具残余应力呈现以搅拌针为中心的尖峰分布,最大残余应力为34 MPa;残余应力反映了焊后变形,常规工具焊接的薄板沿焊缝方向向上凸起,最大挠度为2.817 mm。无轴肩工具焊接的薄板没有可视变形,最大挠度仅0.0081 mm。无轴肩微型搅拌摩擦焊热输入低,能有效减小薄壁焊件的残余变形,提高焊件的尺寸精度和装配质量。Asequential thermodynamic coupling numerical model was established using ABAQUS finite element software to comparatively analyze the temperature field,stress and joint residual deformation distribution of the miniature friction stir welding process under two stirring tools,shoul-der and shoulderless,and the boundary conditions of the heat source model were calibrated using experimental thermocouple temperature meas-urement.The results show that:the welded joints under the two stirring tools experience different temperatures of the welding thermal cycle,the measured peak temperature of the shoulder tool welded joints is about 362℃,while the peak temperature of the welded joints of shoulderless tool is only 143℃;the residual stress on the surface of the welded parts is symmetrically distributed in the center of the weld seam,and the shoulder tool residual stress is distributed in the platform of the shoulder region,and the maximum residual stress is 116 MPa.The residual stress on the shoulderless tool is distributed in a spike centered on the stirring needle,with a maximum residual stress of 34 MPa.The residual stress reflects the post-weld deformation,with the thin plate welded by the shoulder tool bulging upwards in the direction of the weld,with a maximum deflection of 2.817 mm.The thin plate welded by the shoulderless tool has no visible deformation,and the maximum deflection is only 0.0081 mm.There-fore,the low heat input of the shoulderless miniature friction stir welding can effectively reduce the residual deformation of the thin-walled weld-ment,and improve the dimensional accuracy and assembly quality of the weldment.

关 键 词：微型搅拌摩擦焊 有限元模拟 温度场 应力应变 残余变形 

分 类 号：TG456.9[金属学及工艺—焊接]