基于交通流基本图的过饱和交通状态道路阻抗函数  

Road impedance function for oversaturated traffic state based on fundamental diagram

作　　者：潘芋燕 张斌 郭继孚 陈艳艳[1] 赵慧雄 PAN Yuyan;ZHANG Bin;GUO Jifu;CHEN Yanyan;ZHAO Huixiong(Beijing Key Laboratory of Traffic Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Traffic Research Institute of Hebei Provincial Public Security Department,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050052,China;Beijing Transport Institute,Beijing 100073,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学,北京市交通工程重点实验室,北京100124 [2]河北省公安厅交通科研所,河北石家庄050052 [3]北京交通发展研究院,北京100073

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2025年第2期1-12,共12页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

摘　　要：【目标】提出一种适用于捕捉过饱和交通状态的道路阻抗函数,以更加精确地估计拥堵情况下的车辆通行时间,为交通分配与交通规划提供重要支撑。【方法】基于交通流基本图构建了新的道路阻抗模型,设计了基于实测数据的校准框架,通过参数拟合优化模型性能。同时,结合交通流模型对所提出的阻抗函数进行验证与比较,以提高模型在拥堵状态下的适用性。【数据】采用探测器观测数据选取了典型城市交通廊道作为研究案例,获取交通流拥堵关键参数并进行交通流模型拟合。同时,分析不同道路阻抗模型在拟合效果上的差异,并比较研究案例中交通流特性的空间与时间变化。【结果】案例分析表明,所提方法能够有效估计过饱和交通状态下的流量-延误关系。与传统BPR函数相比,提出的模型在拥堵场景中表现出更优的拟合效果。在速度估计中,该模型在RMSE和MAE方面均表现出更低的误差。【结论】本研究提出的模型为交通拥堵情况下道路阻抗的估计提供了更可靠的工具,可支持城市交通规划和政策制定,特别是在缓解拥堵和优化交通流方面具有重要意义。[Objective]This study aims to propose a road impedance function suitable for capturing oversaturated traffic state.It enables more precise estimation on vehicle passing time under congestion,and provides the essential support for traffic assignment and transportation planning.[Method]The novel road impedance model was constructed based on the fundamental diagram of traffic flow.The calibration framework was designed by using the measured data to optimize the model performance through parameter fitting.Additionally,the proposed impedance function was validated and compared combining with the traffic flow models to enhance the models’applicability under congestion.[Data]The detector observation data were employed to select the typical urban traffic corridors as the case studies.The traffic congestion key parameters were extracted.The traffic flow models were fitted.Simultaneously,the fitting effect differences with various road impedance models were analyzed.The spatio-temporal variations on traffic flow characteristics of case studies were compared.[Result]The proposed method effectively estimates the flow-delay relation in oversaturated traffic state.The proposed model exhibits better fitting performance under congestion.For speed estimation,the model achieves lower errors in terms of RMSE and MAE.[Conclusion]The proposed model provides a more reliable tool for estimating road impedance under congestion,and supporting the urban transportation planning and policymaking.It is particularly significant for alleviating congestion and optimizing traffic flow.

关 键 词：智能交通 过饱和状态 道路阻抗函数 交通流基本图 BPR函数 V/C比 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]