考虑支护要素承载特性的围岩变形控制研究  

Research on Deformation Control of Surrounding Rock Considering the Bearing Characteristics of Supporting Elements

作　　者：姚志雄 周岐窗 郑国文 Yao Zhixiong;Zhou Qichuang;Zheng Guowen(Key Laboratory of Underground Engineering,Fujian University of Technology,Fuzhou 350118,P.R.China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology and Informatization in Civil Engineering,Fuzhou 350118,P.R.China;The First Construction Co.,Ltd.,China Construction First Group,Shanghai 201210,P.R.China;China Railway 24th Bureau Group Fujian Railway Construction Co.,Ltd.,Fuzhou 351111,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]地下工程福建省高校重点实验室,福州350118 [2]福建省土木工程新技术与信息化重点实验室,福州350118 [3]中建一局集团第一建筑有限公司,上海201210 [4]中铁二十四局集团福建铁路建设有限公司,福州351111

出　　处：《地下空间与工程学报》2025年第1期236-246,共11页Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51504070);福建省自然科学基金(2021J011061);中铁二十四局集团有限公司重点科研项目(GY-H-23213)。

摘　　要：为探讨支护承载及变形控制特性,基于综合考虑钢拱架、喷射混凝土、超前加固等支护承载特性的支护-围岩耦合作用力学模型,构建了5种计算类型共35种工况,并结合某工程算例详尽分析不同支护形式、支护刚度及支护时机等对围岩变形的影响规律。结果表明:隧道支护对掌子面前后方围岩变形具有较好控制作用,超前支护+初期支护的联合支护效果更佳,且这种控制具有空间效应;单一支护或多种支护协调的联合支护均可达到相同的变形控制效果,这取决于各支护要素的刚度匹配;钢拱架作为一种刚性的能立即、主动承担荷载的支护结构,在分担压力、控制变形方面较喷射混凝土更具优势,超前支护+钢拱架的联合支护效率更高。支护越早施作,围岩变形越早进入可控状态,效果越佳;有超前支护作用,围岩变形对支护时机的敏感性相对较低,因此针对复杂隧道工程,提前施作超前支护是弥补初期支护施作不到位、降低施工风险的重要措施。本研究从理论上阐明了支护结构之间合理的刚度匹配性是应力协调、围岩稳定的关键。To explore the characteristics of support bearing and deformation control,a mechanical model for the coupling effect of support and surrounding rock was constructed based on comprehensive consideration of support bearing characteristics such as steel arch frame,sprayed concrete,and advanced reinforcement.A total of 35 working conditions were constructed for 5 calculation types,and the influence of different support forms,support stiffness,and support timing on the deformation of surrounding rock was detailed analyzed based on a certain engineering example.The results showed tunnel support has a good control effect on the deformation of the surrounding rock in front of and behind the palm,and the combined support effect of advanced support and initial support is better,and this control has a spatial effect.A single support or a coordinated combination of multiple supports can achieve the same deformation control effect,depending on the stiffness matching of each support element.Steel arch frame,as a rigid support structure that can immediately and actively bear loads,has more advantages than sprayed concrete in bearing loads and controlling deformation.The combined support efficiency of advanced support and steel arch frame is higher.The earlier the support is applied,the earlier the deformation of the surrounding rock enters a controllable state,and the better the effect.With advanced support,the sensitivity of surrounding rock deformation to support timing is relatively low.Therefore,for complex tunnel projects,early implementation of advanced support is an important measure to compensate for inadequate initial support and reduce construction risks.This study theoretically clarified that reasonable stiffness matching between supporting structures is the key to achieve stress coordination and tunnel structure stability.

关 键 词：隧道工程 钢拱架 围岩变形特性 联合支护 支护时机 

分 类 号：U451[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]