高应力脆性硬岩地下厂房岩爆破坏特征及防治  

Characteristics and Prevention of Rockburst Damage in High Stress Brittle Hard Rock Underground Powerhouses

作　　者：马行东 李鹏 黎昌有 袁国庆 贾翔 Ma Xingdong;Li Peng;Li Changyou;Yuan Guoqing;Jia Xiang(PowerChinaChengdu Engineering Corporation Limited,Chengdu 610072,P.R.China;Guodian Dadu River Basin Hydropower Development Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610041,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司,成都610072 [2]国电大渡河流域水电开发有限公司,成都610041

出　　处：《地下空间与工程学报》2025年第1期329-338,共10页Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering

基　　金：中国电建集团核心攻关项目(DJ-HXGG-2023-04)。

摘　　要：双江口电站左岸实测最大主应力37.82 MPa,是在建和已建国内水电站地下厂房系统最高实测地应力,属高~极高地应力区。基于西部大型水电工程地下洞室群高地应力、脆性硬岩的岩爆破坏大量调查、统计并总结宏观发育规律特征基础上,提出了“浅表饼层型”“扇形板裂抬动型”“大板裂滑动型”“新生裂隙”高应力脆性硬岩破坏特征新理念和高应力脆性岩体围岩变形破坏地质力学模式,在此基础上提出了技施阶段水电高地应力岩爆灾害防控方法,对类似水电工程、川藏铁路等工程的岩爆预测预防等有一定的指导意义。The measured maximum principal stress on the left bank of Shuangjiangkou Hydropower Station is 37.82 MPa,which is the highest measured in-situ stress of the underground powerhouse system of domestic hydropower stations under construction and already under construction,belonging to a high to extremely high stress area.Based on a large number of investigations,statistics,and summary of the macroscopic development characteristics of rockburst damage in underground caverns of large hydropower projects in the west,a new concept of"shallow cake layer type","fan shaped plate crack uplift type","large plate crack sliding type",and"new cracks"high stress brittle hard rock failure characteristics is proposed,and a geomechanical model of deformation and failure of surrounding rock of high stress brittle rock mass is proposed.Based on this,the prevention and control methods of ultra high stress rockburst disasters and support measures for brittle hard rock lag rockbursts during the technical construction stage are proposed.It has certain guiding significance for the prediction and prevention of rockburst,design and construction of similar hydropower projects,Sichuan-Tibet Railway,and other projects.

关 键 词：高地应力 脆性硬岩 岩爆 防治对策 双江口电站 

分 类 号：TV31[水利工程—水工结构工程]