一株促进底栖硅藻和藤壶幼虫附着的活性菌株  

An Active Bacterial Strain Promoting the Settlement of Benthic Diatoms and Barnacle Larvae

作　　者：毕铭 吴芷馨 靳翠丽[1,2] 刘青 周晓见 BI Ming;WU Zhixin;JIN Cuili;LIU Qing;ZHOU Xiaojian(College of Environmental Science&Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China;Marine Science&Technology Institute,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225127 [2]扬州大学海洋科学与技术研究所,江苏扬州225127

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2025年第1期82-91,共10页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42177459、41271521);扬州大学大学生科技创新项目(X20230570).

摘　　要：为构建适合海洋底栖经济动物附着的生物群落,提高建设海洋牧场的效果,从分离自江苏连云港海域(119°18′2.23″N,35°2′12.84″E)的9种海水常见的硅藻中,比较自然培养的多种硅藻的附着率以及各类胞外多聚物(extracellular polymer substances,EPS)产量及组成的差异,分析硅藻附着率和EPS的相关性,最终筛选出一种活性菌株。该菌株经鉴定为短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus),其粗提物可有效提高多种硅藻的附着率,促进硅藻生物膜形成。EPS化学分析表明,该菌株粗提物可以改变硅藻胞外多聚物的成分,提高其多糖(尤其是酸性多糖)含量。纹藤壶(Amphibalanus amphitrite)金星幼虫附着变态生物测试发现,该菌株粗提物可促进无脊椎动物幼虫附着与变态。上述结果说明,该菌株具有促进硅藻生物膜形成和无脊椎动物幼虫附着的应用潜力,对海洋牧场建设和海水养殖产业具有重要意义。In order to construct a biological community suitable for the attachment of marine benthic economic animals and improve the effect of marine ranching,the attachment rate of a variety of diatoms and the yield and composition of various types of extracellular polymer substances(EPS)were compared from nine common seawater diatoms isolated from Lianyungang,Jiangsu Province(119°18′2.23"N,35°2′12.84"E).The correlation between diatom attachment rate and EPS was analyzed,and an active bacterial strain was screened and identified as Bacillus pumilus whose crude extract effectively improved the attachment rate of a variety of diatoms and promoted the formation of diatom biofilms.EPS chemical analysis showed that the crude extract of this strain changed the composition of diatom extracellular polymers and increased the content of polysaccharides(especially acidic polysaccharides).The larval settlement bioassay revealed that the crude extract of the strain effectively promoted the settlement and metamorphosis of barnacle cyprid larvae.The findings indicate that the bacterium has the potential to promote the formation of diatom biofilm and the attachment of invertebrate larvae,which is of great significance to the mariculture industry and the construction of marine ranches.

关 键 词：底栖附着生物群落 底栖硅藻 附着率 胞外多聚物 多糖 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]