万米钻机全液压顶驱平衡装置液压回路设计与仿真  

Design and simulations of a balancing device with a hydraulic circuit for a fully hydraulic top drive drilling system for a drilling rig capable of 10000-m-deep drilling

作　　者：罗朝椿 王清岩[1,2] 范黎明 李昊轩 钟蔚岭 郭乃铭 LUO Chaochun;WANG Qingyan;FAN Liming;LI Haoxuan;ZHONG Weiling;GUO Naiming(College of Construction Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130026,China;Key Laboratory of Drilling Technology for Complex Conditions of the Ministry of Natural Resources,Changchun 130026,China;Drilling&Production Research Institute of CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited,Guanghan 618300,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学建设工程学院,吉林长春130026 [2]自然资源部复杂条件钻采技术重点实验室,吉林长春130026 [3]中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司钻采工程技术研究院,四川广汉618300

出　　处：《煤田地质与勘探》2025年第2期233-242,共10页Coal Geology & Exploration

基　　金：国家深部探测技术与实验研究专项项目(SinoProbe09)。

摘　　要：【目的】全液压顶驱平衡装置作为万米钻机重要设备之一,旨在动态精准调控拧卸扣过程中的轴向载荷,以保护钻杆接头螺纹免受损伤,确保钻探作业的稳定性和安全性。【方法】针对SP.TD-01A型全液压顶驱,设计了平衡装置及其液压回路,以实现顶驱使用过程中所需的平衡和弹跳功能。首先,确定顶驱平衡装置液压回路组成结构及主要工作参数。随后,利用Matlab/Simulink/SimScape仿真平台,构建了顶驱平衡装置液压回路动态仿真模型、顶驱主轴与钻杆拧卸扣机构动力学仿真模型,模拟测试顶驱主轴保护接头在拧卸扣过程中的轴向载荷变化和位移特性,以及平衡装置液压回路的流量−压强特性和能耗指标。【结果和结论】结果表明:设计的顶驱平衡装置功能结构合理且具有良好的动态调节性能。在主轴转速为10 r/min情况下,拧扣、预紧用时24 s,卸扣、脱扣用时26 s。拧扣阶段螺纹面最大压力(碰撞)为11.2 kN,稳定时约550 N。卸扣阶段,螺纹面最大压力为3.5 kN,平均约1.2 kN。完成拧扣作业后,顶驱弹离钻杆柱76.5 mm。设计的顶驱平衡装置及其液压回路已应用于SP.TD-01A型全液压顶驱系统,使用效果良好,在保护钻杆接头螺纹方面发挥了重要作用,在服务“松科二井”施工期间出于安全方面的考虑,顶驱主轴保护接头仅更换4次。研究工作对于后续顶驱系统研发具有指导意义。[Objective]The balancing device for a fully hydraulic top drive drilling system(TDDS),an important part of a drilling rig capable of 10000-m-deep drilling,is designed to dynamically and accurately regulate the axial load in the screwing and unscrewing processes.This helps protect the threads of drill rod connectors from damage,thereby ensuring the stability and safety of drilling operations.[Methods]This study designed a balancing device with a hydraulic circuit for the SP.TD-01A fully hydraulic TDDS,aiming to achieve the balancing and bouncing functions required during the application of the TDDS.First,this study determined the structure and principal operating parameters of the hydraulic circuit of the balancing device for the TDDS.Then,using the Matlab/Simulink/SimScape simulation platform,this study constructed dynamic simulation models for the hydraulic circuit and for the screwing and unscrewing mechanisms of the spindle and drill rod of the TDDS.Using these models,this study simulated and tested the axial load change and displacement characteristics of the spindle protection connectors of the TDDS in the screwing and unscrewing processes,as well as the flow and intensity of pressure characteristics and energy consumption indicators of the hydraulic circuit.[Results and Conclusions]The results indicate that the balancing device designed for the TDDS demonstrates a reason-able functional structure and high dynamic regulation performance.At a spindle speed of 10 r/min,screwing and pretightening were completed within 24 s,and unscrewing and releasing consumed 26 s.During the screwing operation,the pressure on the threaded surface reached a maximum of 11.2 kN,stabilizing at around 550 N.During the unscrewing operation,the pressure on the threaded surface exhibited a maximum of 3.5 kN and an average of about 1.2 kN.After the unscrewing operation,the TDDS bounced off the drill string for a distance of 76.5 mm.The designed balancing device for the TDDS and its hydraulic circuit were applied to the SP.TD-01A fully

关 键 词：顶驱平衡装置 液压系统 拧卸扣作业 动态仿真分析 Matlab/Simulink/SimScape仿真平台 

分 类 号：TD263[矿业工程—矿井建设] TP242[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]