论制定民营经济促进法的域外镜鉴与中国探索  

On Foreign Reference and China’s Exploration in Formulating the Private Economy Promotion Law

作　　者：张珺皓 ZHANG Jun-hao(Centre for the Study of Theoretical Law,Jilin University,Changchun 130015,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学理论法学研究中心,长春130015

出　　处：《上海对外经贸大学学报》2025年第2期96-108,共13页Journal of Shanghai University of International Business and Economics

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大专项项目“社会主义法治建设实践与中国自主法学知识体系构建”(项目编号:2023JZDZ012)的资助。

摘　　要：制定《中华人民共和国民营经济促进法》的法理依据在于宪法保护原则和经营自由原则,该法具有保障、促进、规范和引导民营经济发展的功能。在借鉴美国构建小企业法案体系、德国中小企业促进法规范群、日本中小企业基本法的演变与制度创新等相关立法经验的基础上,比较分析域外典型立法模式的共性特征与差异性,揭示其对中国立法的启示与限度。立法过程中,应从内部视角基于《民营经济促进法(草案征求意见稿)》在政治保障、核心理念、基本原则及其具体规定、核心概念的内涵与外延和其他核心制度等方面进行理论重构与完善。同时,也应从外部视角对民营经济促进法进行体系性融贯建设,形成与现有法治体系的衔接,建立冲突解决机制,构建多元共治的执法监督体系。在法治场域中,应厘清民营经济促进法的“应然”,以观照《草案征求意见稿》的“实然”,从而为紧锣密鼓进行的立法提供学理性思考。The jurisprudential basis for legislating the Private Economy Promotion Law lies in constitutional protection principles and business freedom principles,with the law serving functions of protection,promotion,regulation,and guidance.Based on reference to relevant legislative experiences such as the U.S.Small Business Act system,German SME promotion legal norms,and the evolution and institutional innovation of Japan’s Basic Law for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises,this paper comparatively analyzes the common characteristics and diff erences of typical foreign legislative models,revealing their implications and limitations for Chinese legislation.From an internal perspective,theoretical reconstruction and improvement should be made based on the Private Economy Law(Draft for Comments)in terms of political guarantees,core concepts,basic principles and specifi c provisions,the connotation and extension of core concepts,and other core systems.Meanwhile,from an external perspective,systematic coherence construction of the Private Economy Promotion Law should be carried out to form connection and confl ict resolution mechanisms with the existing legal system and to build a multi-subject law enforcement supervision system.In the fi eld of rule of law,the“ought to be”of the Private Economy Promotion Law should be clarifi ed to examine the“is”of the“Draft for Comments”,thereby providing some theoretical thinking,review,and judgment for the ongoing legislation.

关 键 词：民营经济 促进法 立法 法治体系 

分 类 号：D922.29[政治法律—经济法学] DF41[政治法律—法学]