碱性水电解制氢中铁杂质的影响研究进展  

A critical review on the effects of Fe impurity on H2 production via alkaline water electrolysis

作　　者：钟晓航 许卫[2] 张文[1] 许莉[1] 王宇新[1] ZHONG Xiaohang;XU Wei;ZHANG Wen;XU Li;WANG Yuxin(State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China;Tianjin Mainland Hydrogen Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 301609,China)

机构地区：[1]化学工程联合国家重点实验室,天津市膜科学与海水淡化技术重点实验室,天津大学化工学院,天津300350 [2]天津市大陆制氢设备有限公司,天津301609

出　　处：《化工学报》2025年第2期519-531,共13页CIESC Journal

摘　　要：碱性水电解是利用可再生能源制氢的重要技术。由于碱性水电解槽能够使用相对廉价的结构材料和非贵金属电极催化剂,因此在制氢成本方面具有竞争优势。早前就有研究发现,工业碱性水电解槽的结构件或管路中的铁会部分溶解至电解液中,并沉积于电极和隔膜上,但铁杂质对水电解性能的具体影响却研究较少。近年来,随着氢能受到越来越多的关注,人们对碱性水电解制氢中铁杂质影响的研究也随之加强,并取得了较多的成果。本文旨在综述与此相关的研究,特别是铁杂质对碱性水电解过程中镍基析氧阳极和镍基析氢阴极的影响。Alkaline water electrolysis is an important technology in H2 production from renewable energy.Since alkaline water electrolyzers can use relatively cheap structural materials and non-precious metal electrode catalysts,they have a competitive advantage in hydrogen production costs.It has long been recognized in the electrolytic H2 production industry that the iron composition from the structural components or pipework of electrolyzers can dissolve into the electrolyte and redeposit on the electrodes and diaphragms,whereas the research on how iron impurities affect the electrolytic performance had remained insufficient for a long time.In recent decades,hydrogen energy has received increasing attentions,so that the researches on the influences of iron impurities on H2 production via alkaline water electrolysis are intensified and new findings accumulated.It is the purpose of this paper to review these research findings in alkaline water electrolysis,specifically how and to what extent iron impurities affect the oxygen evolution reaction on nickel-based anode and the hydrogen evolution reaction on nickel-based cathode.

关 键 词：镍基电极 铁杂质 碱性电解水 析氧反应 析氢反应 电解质 制氢 催化剂 

分 类 号：TQ151.1[化学工程—电化学工业]