不同配比蚯蚓粪基质对黄瓜幼苗的影响  

Effects of Different Ratios of Vermicompost Substrates on Cucumber Seedlings

作　　者：吕赢 迟翔丹 王越 谭克 姜奇峰 任梓铭 LYU Ying;CHI Xiangdan;WANG Yue;TAN Ke;JIANG Qifeng;REN Ziming(Jilin Scientific Research Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Changchun,Jilin 130118)

机构地区：[1]吉林省蔬菜花卉科学研究院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《北方园艺》2025年第5期48-55,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：吉林省食(药)用菌产业发展资助项目;国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系长春综合试验站资助项目(CARS-23-G04)。

摘　　要：以“吉杂25”黄瓜为试材,采用不同蚯蚓粪配比基质进行黄瓜穴盘育苗试验,研究了蚯蚓粪作为培养基质中的配料对黄瓜幼苗生长发育的影响,以期筛选出最适黄瓜幼苗生长发育的蚯蚓粪配比。结果表明:在两叶一心时期W3(2/3蚯蚓粪+1/3草炭)处理下黄瓜生长指标、叶绿素含量、光合指标、根系指标表现最好,其中在生长指标中株高、茎粗、壮苗指数和G值均高于其他处理;叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素总含量较CK分别提高了15%、10%和14%;光合指标中蒸腾速率、净光合速率、胞间CO_(2)浓度和气孔导度均表现最优;在根系指标中W3处理下根系活力最强,根长、根表面积、根体积和根尖数与CK相比分别提高了63.1%、76.4%、73.6%和57.5%;综上所述,W3(2/3蚯蚓粪+1/3草炭)为最适黄瓜穴盘育苗的配比基质。Taking‘Jiza 25’cucumber as the test material,different vermicompost ratios were used for cucumber seedling nursery,and the effect of vermicompost as an ingredient in the culture medium on the growth and development of cucumber seedlings was studied,in order to select the most suitable vermicompost ratios of cucumber seedlings.The results showed that cucumber growth indexes,chlorophyll content,photosynthetic indexes,and root indexes performed best under W3(2/3 earthworm manure+1/3 grass charcoal)treatment at the two-leaf-and-one-heart period,where plant height,stem thickness,stoutness index,and G value were higher than those of the other treatments among the growth indexes;chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and total chlorophyll content increased by 15%,10%,and 14%,respectively,compared with CK;transpiration rate,net photosynthetic rate,intercellular CO_(2) concentration,and stomatal conductance performed optimally among photosynthetic indicators.In the root indexes,the root vigor was the strongest under W3 treatment,and the root length,root surface area,root volume,and number of root tips increased by 63.1%,76.4%,73.6%,and 57.5%,respectively,compared with that of CK;in conclusion,W3 (2/3 earthworm manure+1/3 grass charcoal) was the most suitable substrate for cucumber hole-pot seedling preparation.

关 键 词：蚯蚓粪 草炭 黄瓜 穴盘育苗 配比基质 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]