肠道菌群代谢物与抑郁症发病机制关系的研究  

Research on the relationship between intestinal microbiota metabolites and pathogenesis of depression

作　　者：沙琦 孙未一 范兴丽 SHA Qi;SUN Weiyi;FAN Xingli(Clinical Medicine Major,Grade 2021,Hangzhou Medical College,Hangzhou 310053,China;Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology,School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine,Hangzhou Medical College,Hangzhou 310053,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州医学院,杭州310053 [2]杭州医学院基础医学与法医学院病原生物学与免疫学教研室,杭州310053

出　　处：《浙江医学教育》2025年第1期60-64,共5页Zhejiang Medical Education

基　　金：2024年浙江省基础公益研究计划:“抗生素滥用致抑郁的肠-脑轴机制及临床应用研究”(LTGY24H200004)。

摘　　要：抑郁症作为一种常见的精神障碍,长期以来受到广大研究者的关注。有关研究显示,抑郁症与肠道微生物之间存在密切关系,抑郁症患者通常伴随着肠道菌群种类、相对丰度及其代谢物的改变,如短链脂肪酸和氨基酸及其衍生物等。本文从肠道菌群代谢物与抑郁症的关系入手,综述了肠道菌群代谢产物短链脂肪酸、氨基酸和氨基酸衍生物在抑郁症发生、发展中的作用。短链脂肪酸(主要为乙酸、丙酸和丁酸)通过影响组蛋白去乙酰化酶、小胶质细胞、神经递质表达、炎症反应、代谢激素等方面对抑郁症产生影响。氨基酸及其衍生物γ-氨基丁酸、谷氨酸、5-羟色胺、去甲肾上腺素作为神经递质,它们及相应受体的表达水平与抑郁症的发病和进展有着密切关系。通过对肠道菌群代谢物的研究,可以更加明确肠道菌群代谢物与抑郁症之间的关系,为其成为诊断抑郁症的标志物提供更大的可能;同时,也可以为抑郁症的治疗提供新靶点和新策略。As a common mental disorder,depression has been concerned by a large number of researchers.Studies have shown a strong link between depression and intestinal microbiota.Depression is usually accompanied by changes in intestinal microbiota diversity,abundance and their metabolites,such as short-chain fatty acids,amino acids and their derivatives.This article focused on the relationship between intestinal microbiota metabolites and depression,reviewed the role of intestinal microbiota metabolites in the occurrence and development of depression,including short-chain fatty acids,amino acids and amino acid derivatives.Short-chain fatty acids(mainly acetic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid)played important role in depression through the effect on histone deacetylase,microglia,neurotransmitter expression,inflammatory response,metabolic hormones,etc.Amino acids and their derivatives gamma-aminobutyric acid,glutamate,5-hydroxytryptamine,noradrenaline,the expression levels of them and their corresponding receptors were closely related to the occurrence and progression of depression as neurotransmitters.Clarifying the relationship between the metabolites of intestinal microbiota and depression will make it possible for them to be used as markers for the diagnosis of depression,and provide new targets and strategies for the treatment of depression.

关 键 词：抑郁症 肠道菌群 菌群代谢物 短链脂肪酸 氨基酸及其衍生物 

分 类 号：R372[医药卫生—病原生物学] R749.4[医药卫生—基础医学]