Ultralight and Anisotropic Heterocyclic Para-aramid Nanofiber/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Aerogel for Efficient Thermal Insulation and Flame Retardancy  

作　　者：Wen-Wen Wu Jian-Xun Shang Na Li Yan Wang Jun-Rong Yu Zu-Ming Hu 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials,College of Materials Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China [2]Jiangsu Nantong Junyuan New Material Co,Ltd.,Nantong 22600,China

出　　处：《Chinese Journal of Polymer Science》2025年第1期141-152,I0011,共13页高分子科学(英文版)

基　　金：supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFB3700103).

摘　　要：The demand for anisotropic aerogels with excellent comprehensive properties in cutting-edge fields such as aerospace is growing.Based on the above background,a novel heterocyclic para-aramid nanofiber/reduced graphene oxide(HPAN/rGO)composite aerogel was prepared by combining electrospinning and unidirectional freeze-drying.The anisotropic HPAN/rGO composite aerogel exhibited a honeycomb morphology in the direction perpendicular to the growth of ice crystals,and a through-well structure of directed microchannels in the direction parallel to the temperature gradient.By varying the mass ratio of HPAN/rGO,a composite aerogel with an ultra-low density of 5.34-7.81 mg·cm^(-3) and an ultra-high porosity of 98%-99%was obtained.Benefiting from the anisotropic structure,the radial and axial thermal conductivities of HPAN/rGO-3 composite aerogel were 29.37 and 44.35 mW·m^(-1)·K^(-1),respectively.A combination of software simulation and experiments was used to analyze the effect of anisotropic structures on the thermal insulation properties of aerogels.Moreover,due to the intrinsic self-extinguishing properties of heterocyclic para-aramid and the protection of the graphene carbon layer,the composite aerogel also exhibits excellent flame retardancy properties,and its total heat release rate(THR)was only 5.8 kJ·g^(-1),which is far superior to many reported aerogels.Therefore,ultralight anisotropic HPAN/rGO composite aerogels with excellent high-temperature thermal insulation and flame retardancy properties have broad application prospects in complex environments such as aerospace.

关 键 词：Heterocyclic para-aramid nanofiber Reduced graphene oxide ANISOTROPY Thermal insulation Flame retardancy 

分 类 号：TB3[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]