矮生型菜用豌豆品种适应性及其对土壤养分的影响  

Adaptability of Dwarf Vegetable Pea Cultivars and Their Effects on Soil Nutrients

作　　者：张瑞[1] 刘琼[2] 王丽[2] 许林英 ZHANG Rui;LIU Qiong;WANG Li;XU Linying(Cixi City Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Ningbo 315300;Ningbo University)

机构地区：[1]慈溪市农业技术推广中心,浙江宁波315300 [2]宁波大学

出　　处：《长江蔬菜》2025年第6期53-57,共5页Journal of Changjiang Vegetables

基　　金：宁波市科技特派员团队项目(2023S213);国家食用豆产业体系项目。

摘　　要：为探究不同秋季矮生型菜用豌豆品种在田间的生长表现和产量,探讨其对土壤养分的影响,选取中秦1号、中豌9号、荣涛9号、绿苗9号、浙豌2号、中豌6号以及本地主栽品种改良中豌4号(CK)7个矮生型豌豆品种进行露地栽培试验,并分析了豌豆的物候期、农艺性状和土壤基本理化性质。试验结果表明,各豌豆品种的生育期和全生育期在43~54 d,改良中豌4号(CK)生育期最长,中秦1号和中豌6号生育期最短。改良中豌4号(CK)株高最高,而中豌9号和荣涛9号最低。产量最高的是荣涛9号,为690.2 kg/667 m^(2),改良中豌4号(CK)最低。综合认为,荣涛9号和中豌6号的产量和熟期等性状优于其他品种,适合在慈溪市秋季作进一步示范和推广。土壤电导率、溶解性有机碳和硝态氮含量受豌豆品种的影响;pH值和有效磷含量随豌豆生育期的增加而下降,速效钾含量则增加。建议选择适合当地土壤条件和气候环境的豌豆品种,根据不同品种的特性和生育期对养分需求制定科学合理的施肥方案,以优化土壤管理策略,推动农业可持续发展。In order to explore the growth performance and yield of different dwarf vegetable pea cultivars in the field and explore their effects on soil nutrients,the open field cultivation experiment was carried out on seven dwarf vegetable pea cultivars,including Zhongqin No.1,Zhongwan No.9,Rongtao No.9,Lvmiao No.9,Zhewan No.2,Zhongwan No.6 and local main cultivar Gailiangzhongwan No.4(CK).The phenological period,agronomic traits,and soil basic physical and chemical properties were analyzed.The results showed that the growth period and the whole growth period of each cultivars ranged from 43 to 54 days.The growth period of Gailiangzhongwan No.4(CK)was the longest,while Zhongqin No.1 and Zhongwan No.6 were the shortest.The plant height of Gailiangzhongwan No.4(CK)was the highest,while Zhongwan No.9 and Rongtao No.9 were the lowest.The yield of Rongtao No.9 was the highest,which was 690.2 kg/667 m^(2),while Gailiangzhongwan No.4(CK)was the lowest.In conclusion,the yield and maturity of Rongtao No.9 and Zhongwan No.6 were better than other cultivars,which were suitable for further demonstration and promotion in Cixi City in autumn.Soil electrical conductivity,dissolved organic carbon and nitrate nitrogen content were influenced by pea cultivars.Soil pH value and available phosphorus content decreased with the growth stage of peas,while available potassium content increased.It was suggested that suitable pea cultivars should be selected based on local soil conditions and climate.And scientific fertilization schemes should be formulated according to the characteristics and nutrient requirements of different cultivars and their growth periods,so as to optimize soil management strategies and promote sustainable agricultural development.

关 键 词：秋季 菜用豌豆 土壤养分 产量 

分 类 号：S643.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]