空间站出舱活动虚拟现实仿真设计与应用研究  

Research on virtual reality simulation design and application of space station extravehicular activities

作　　者：陈学文[1,2] 晁建刚 黄伟芬[1] 刘伟波 张炎[1,2] 林万洪[1,2] 赵阳[1] 黄鹏 傅嘉豪[1] Chen Xuewen;Chao Jiangang;Huang Weifen;Liu Weibo;Zhang Yan;Lin Wanhong;Zhao Yang;Huang Peng;Fu Jiahao(China Astronaut Research and Training Center,Beijing 100094,China;National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天员科研训练中心,北京100094 [2]人因工程全国重点实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2025年第1期58-64,共7页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

基　　金：中国航天医学工程预先研究项目及空间站工程项目。

摘　　要：针对传统实物/半实物仿真手段很难实现出舱活动全流程、全要素模拟仿真的难题,利用虚拟现实技术能够突破物理环境限制的优势,建立出舱活动虚拟现实仿真系统。根据空间站出舱活动工程应用特点,以提升系统实用性和可用性为目标,融合虚拟图像的视觉沉浸感、现实操作的本体感及虚实空间感知一致性,设计一种满足逼真视觉感知和舱外作业操作要求的三维场景仿真、多模式手柄交互操作范式、连续操作动作的舱外作业仿真和交互操作虚实空间一致性的系统。该系统已成功应用于SZ-12至SZ-1816次出舱活动航天员训练、方案验证、联合演练和飞控支持等。该系统在地面完整复现了出舱全流程人机作业静/动态逼真综合场景,应用于出舱工程实践中,是出舱活动地面模拟仿真的必备重要手段。Addressing the challenge of traditional physical/semi physical simulation methods being difficult to achieve full process and full element simulation of extravehicular activities,virtual reality technology is utilized to break through the limitations of physical environments and establish a virtual reality simulation system for extravehicular activities.Based on the application characteristics of space station extravehicular activity engineering,with the goal of improving system practicality and usability,integrating the visual immersion of virtual images,the ontology of real operation,and the consistency of virtual and real space perception,a three-dimensional scene simulation,multi-mode joystick interaction paradigm,continuous operation actions simulation of extravehicular operations,and interactive operation virtual/real space consistency method that were proposed and designed for the realistic visual perception and extravehicular operation.The system has been successfully applied to astronaut training,program validation,joint exercise,and flight control support for sixteen extravehicular activities from SZ-12 to SZ-18.The results showed that the complete reproduction of the static/dynamic realistic comprehensive scene was achieved on the ground for the humanmachine operation in the entire process of extravehicular activity,and the system is an essential and important means of ground simulation for extravehicular activity.

关 键 词：航天员 出舱活动 虚拟现实 仿真 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] V476.1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]