400 km·h^(-1)高速铁路车辆振动响应频域特性及与轨道不平顺波长的关系  

Frequency Domain Characteristics of Vehicle Vibration Responses of High-Speed Railway at 400 km·h-¹ and Its Relationship with Track Irregularity Wavelength

作　　者：陈亮 孙加林 李浩 杨飞 刁洪宝 CHEN Liang;SUN Jialin;LI Hao;YANG Fei;DIAO Hongbao(Postgraduate Department,China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Infrastructure Inspection Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;China Railway Guangzhou Group Corporation Limited,Guangzhou Guangdong 510088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院研究生部,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基础设施检测研究所,北京100081 [3]中国铁路广州局集团有限公司,广东广州510088

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2025年第1期157-166,共10页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFB2603402)。

摘　　要：基于铁路运行速度大幅度提升以及车辆轻量化设计方法的广泛应用,以CR400BF高速动车组车体为研究对象,基于有限元法和多体动力学理论,建立车体-构架-轮对全弹性体动力学仿真模型,结合检测数据分析,研究高速动车组车体振动加速度的频带分布特征及其与轨道几何不平顺的关系,以及适应400 km·h^(-1)高速列车运行平稳性评估的数据处理准则、轨道长波不平顺检测截止波长的取值。结果表明:车体横向振动能量主要集中在20 Hz以内,时速400 km高速列车车体横向加速度低通滤波评价频率宜提高到20 Hz;车体垂向振动能量主要集中在30 Hz以内,时速400 km高速列车车体垂向加速度低通滤波评价频率宜提高到30 Hz;当运营速度达到400 km·h^(-1)时,与车体加速度对应的轨道长波高低、轨向不平顺敏感波长分别为150和90 m,其中长波高低不平顺敏感波长已超出目前120 m检测截止波长,400 km·h^(-1)高速铁路轨道几何检测系统长波不平顺截止波长宜调整到150 m。With the significant increase in railway operating speeds and the widespread application of lightweight vehicle design methods,this study focuses on the CR400BF high-speed train body as the research object.Based on finite element method and multibody dynamics theory,a full elastic body dynamic simulation model of the car body,frame,and wheelset is established.Combined with detection data analysis,the study investigates the frequency distribution characteristics of the high-speed car body vibration acceleration and its relationship with track geometry irregularities.It also provides data processing guidelines for evaluating the running stability of high-speed trains at 400 km·h^(-1)and suggests a cutoff wavelength for track long-wave irregularity detection.The results show that:the lateral vibration energy of the car body is mainly concentrated below 20 Hz,and the low-pass filter evaluation frequency for the high-speed car body lateral acceleration at 400 km·h^(-1)should be increased to 20 Hz.The vertical vibration energy of the car body is mainly concentrated below 30 Hz,and the low-pass filter evaluation frequency for the high-speed car body vertical acceleration at 400 km·h^(-1)should be increased to 30 Hz.When the operating speed reaches 400 km·h^(-1),the corresponding sensitive wavelengths for long-wave irregularities in longitudinal level and alignment with respect to the car body acceleration are 150 m and 90 m,respectively.The sensitive wavelength for long-wave irregularity has exceeded the current 120 m detection cutoff wavelength.Therefore,the cutoff wavelength for long-wave irregularity detection in the 400 km·h^(-1)high-speed railway track geometry system should be adjusted to 150 m.

关 键 词：高速铁路 400 km·h-1 车体加速度 频域特性 轨道不平顺波长 低通滤波评价频率 

分 类 号：U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程]