生物质硬碳材料作为二次电池负极的研究进展  

Research progress of biomass-derived hard carbon materials as anode used for secondary batteries

作　　者：王绍东 葛猛 周怀营[1] 邓健秋[1] WANG Shaodong;GE Meng;ZHOU Huaiying;DENG Jianqiu(School of Materials Science and Enginering,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林电子科技大学材料科学与工程学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《桂林电子科技大学学报》2024年第5期544-550,共7页Journal of Guilin University of Electronic Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52265044);桂林电子科技大学研究生教育创新计划(2021YCXS010)。

摘　　要：硬碳凭借其较高的理论容量、良好的容量保持能力和稳定的内部结构等优势成为一种极具潜力的储能系统电极材料。近些年,以具有可调多孔结构的生物质作为前驱体制备具有独特微观结构的硬碳成为电化学储能领域研究的热点。结合国内外的研究成果,综述了生物质硬碳常见的制备方法,讨论了以生物质硬碳材料作为二次电池(LIBs、SIBs、PIBs)负极电极的电化学性能,其中,在碳基负极材料中掺杂非碳原子可以提高材料导电性,促进电子的传输,被证明是提高其电化学性能的有效策略,最后总结了生物质碳基负极材料在提高二次电池储能性能方面目前面临的挑战和未来的前景。生物质硬碳材料价格低廉、来源广泛、电化学性能优异,有望成为商用负极材料。Hard carbon has become a promising electrode material for energy storage systems by virtue of its high theoretical capacity,good capacity retention ability and stable internal structure.In recent years,the preparation of hard carbon with unique microstructure using biomass with tunable porous structure as precursor has become a hot research topic in the field of electrochemical energy storage.The common preparation methods of biomass hard carbon are reviewed in the light of domestic and international research results,and the electrochemical performance of using biomass hard carbon materials as anode electrodes for secondary batteries(LIBs,SIBs,PIBs)is discussed,where doping non-carbon atoms in carbon-based anode materials can improve the electrical conductivity of the materials and promote the electron transport,which is proved to be an effective strategy to improve their electrochemical performance,and finally,it is concluded that the current challenges and future prospects of biomass carbon-based anode materials in improving the energy storage performance of secondary batteries.Biomass hard carbon materials are expected to become commercial anode materials due to their low price,wide source and excellent electrochemical performance.

关 键 词：生物质硬碳 负极 锂离子电池(LIBs) 钠离子电池(SIBs) 钾离子电池(PIBs) 

分 类 号：TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]