大平面砂轮磨削对角修形斜齿轮原理与分析  

Principle and Analysis of Grinding Helical Gear of Triangular End Relief with Large Plane Grinding Wheel

作　　者：尹逊民[1] 贾海涛[1] 苏进展[2] 常乐浩[2] YIN Xunmin;JIA Haitao;SU Jinzhan;CHANG Lehao(No.703 Research Institute,China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation,Harbin 150078,China;Key Laboratory of Road Construction Technology and Equipment of MOE,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶重工集团公司第703研究所,哈尔滨150078 [2]长安大学道路施工技术与装备教育部重点实验室,西安710064

出　　处：《机械科学与技术》2025年第2期271-278,共8页Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51605040,52475050)。

摘　　要：为了减小作为振动激励的承载传动误差波动量,本文提出斜齿轮对角修形优化设计及大平面砂轮的磨削原理。由渐开线齿面方程和对角修形定义,分别计算齿根和齿顶的修形起始线;根据修形曲线的阶次和最大修形量,确定对角修形曲面,再与标准螺旋面在法向方向上进行叠加,获得修形齿面。借助齿面接触分析(Tooth contact analysis, TCA)和齿面承载接触分析(Loaded tooth contact analysis, LTCA)方法,以承载传动误差波动量最小为目标函数,采用遗传算法优化获得相应的对角修形参数。计算大平面砂轮的最小直径,基于假想产形斜齿条概念,推导大平面砂轮磨削对角修形的齿面方程。算例分析结果表明:通过修形优化后,不同修形曲线的阶次均可降低承载传动误差波动量,阶次越高,效果越明显,最高达82.58%;大平面砂轮磨削时会产生齿面偏差,但偏差均控制在2μm以内,达到较高的齿面精度,且该方法易于数控编程实现。In order to reduce the fluctuation of loaded transmission error as an excitation of vibration,the triangular end relief optimization design of helical gear and the grinding principle of large plane grinding wheel are proposed.According to the equation of standard involute and definition of triangular end relief,the starting line of modification of tooth top and tooth root was calculated.According to the order of modification curve and the maximum modification amount,the modification surface was determined.The modification surface was superimposed in the normal direction of the standard helix surface to obtain the theoretical modification tooth surface.With the help of the tooth contact analysis(TCA)and loaded tooth contact analysis(LTCA)method,the corresponding triangular end relief parameters are optimized with the genetic algorithm with the minimum loaded transmission error fluctuation as the objective function.The minimum diameter of large plane grinding wheel was derived,and the tooth surface equation of triangular end relief generated by large plane grinding wheel was derived in terms of the concept of imaginary helix rack-cutter.The results of numerical examples show that through triangular end relief optimization,the different order of modification curves can reduce the loaded transmission error fluctuation,the higher the order,the more obvious effect,up to 82.58%.When grinding with large plane grinding wheel,tooth surface deviation will be produced,but the deviation is controlled within 2μm,so as to achieve high tooth surface accuracy,and the method is easy to be realized with the numerical control(NC)programming.

关 键 词：对角修形 大平面砂轮 磨削 承载传动误差 齿面偏差 

分 类 号：TH132.41[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]