离心泵叶轮流场的动力学模态分解与重构误差分析  

Dynamic mode decomposition and reconstruction error analysis of centrifugal pump impeller flow field

作　　者：张润强 南玲博 陈帝伊 韩伟[2] 黄卫宁 ZHANG Runqiang;NAN Lingbo;CHEN Diyi;HAN Wei;HUANG Weining(College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Xianyang 712100,China;College of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;Kaiquan Group Co.,Ltd.,Wenzhou 325105,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西咸阳712100 [2]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,兰州730050 [3]凯泉集团有限公司,浙江温州325105

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2025年第5期18-25,37,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(52339006)。

摘　　要：离心泵是液体输送过程中的重要设备,广泛地应用于工业、农业及工程等领域,深入了解泵内的复杂流动对泵的设计和优化有重要意义。该研究介绍了动力学模态分解(dynamic mode decomposition,DMD)与重构方法,并针对离心泵内复杂的流动特性进行了研究。首先,针对叶轮的分解结果研究了模态能量与频率之间的关系,发现低频模态具有的能量更高,且模态能量随频率的增加而降低;其次,分析了各阶模态在叶轮流道中的分布,发现影响叶轮内复杂流动主要的流动结构分布在叶轮进口及叶轮出口处,随着模态数的增加,动力学模态分布更碎片化,表明高阶模态可以捕获到更加细致的流动结构;然后,研究了各阶模态随时间的变化关系,发现高阶模态对流场的影响逐渐降低;最后,对模态重构方法进行了研究,发现模态重构可以较好地构建出原始流场,降阶重构和全阶重构与原始流场的对比表明,降阶重构方法也可以有效地反映出流动的主要特征,但是会缺失部分流动信息,这部分信息主要是流场中的幅值分布,保存在高阶模态中,与叶轮出口处的复杂流动有关。通过DMD方法能够有效地提取出离心泵内主要流动特征,为离心泵减振降噪的设计优化提供研究基础。Centrifugal pumps are important equipment in liquid transportation,they are widely used in fields of industry,agriculture and engineering.Understanding complex flow inside pumps is of great significance for pump design and optimization.Here,dynamic mode decomposition(DMD)and reconstruction methods were introduced,and complex flow characteristics inside centrifugal pumps were studied.Firstly,the relation between modal energy and frequency was studied aiming at decomposition results of impeller.It was shown that low-frequency modes have higher energy,and modal energy decreases with increase in frequency.Secondly,distribution of various modes in impeller flow channel was analyzed,and it was shown that main flow structures affecting complex flow inside impeller are distributed at inlet and outlet of impeller,increase in number of modes causes a more fragmented distribution of dynamic modes,so higher-order modes can capture more detailed flow structures.Thirdly,temporal changes of various modes were studied,it was shown that effects of higher-order modes on flow field gradually decrease with increase in order number.Finally,modal reconstruction methods were studied,it was shown that modal reconstruction can better construct the original flow field.Comparisons of reduced order reconstruction and full order reconstruction with the original flow field showed that the reduced order reconstruction method can also effectively reflect flow’s main characteristics,but some flow information may be lost,this part of information mainly is the amplitude distribution in flow field,it is stored in higher-order modes and related to complex flow at impeller outlet.DMD method can effectively extract main flow characteristics inside centrifugal pump,and provide a study basis for design optimization of vibration and noise reduction in centrifugal pumps.

关 键 词：离心泵 动力学模态分解(DMD) 模态重构 误差分析 

分 类 号：TH312[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]