某埋头弹火炮复合型减后坐技术研究  

Composite recoil reduction technology for a certain cased telescoped ammunition gun

作　　者：彭碧荣 薛晓春[1] 曹永杰[2] 黄磊 余永刚[1] 王宏金[2] PENG Birong;XUE Xiaochun;CAO Yongjie;HUANG Lei;YU Yonggang;WANG Hongjin(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;Northwest Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xianyang 712099,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学能源与动力工程学院,南京210094 [2]西北机电工程研究所,陕西咸阳712099

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2025年第5期243-252,共10页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国防项目。

摘　　要：为解决某40 mm埋头弹火炮炮口动能大导致系统后坐力过大的问题,提出一种将炮口制退器、膨胀波技术两者有机结合的复合减后坐技术。基于此技术,建立了埋头弹膨胀波火炮的内弹道方程,分析了其内弹道时期膛内压力、速度和身管受力等随时间的变化规律。并在此基础上,基于三维非定常Navier-Stocks方程,结合动网格技术,对该埋头弹火炮后效期的膛口流场进行了数值模拟,重点揭示了火药燃气流动对制退器受力特性的影响,并对比分析含有该复合减后坐技术与不含该技术的两种埋头弹火炮在整个内弹道及后效期的后坐力和后坐冲量变化特性。研究结果表明,在保持弹丸初速不变的情况下,采用该复合减后坐技术可以有效降低埋头弹火炮的后坐力,将后坐冲量从1720.36 N·s降低至306.04 N·s,减后坐效率达到82.2%。Here,to solve the problem of excessive recoil caused by high kinetic energy at muzzle of a certain 40 mm cased telescoped ammunition gun,a composite recoil reduction technology combining muzzle brake and expansion wave technology was proposed.Based on this technology,the internal ballistic equation of cased telescoped ammunition expansion wave artillery was established to analyze variation laws of chamber pressure,velocity and barrel force with time varying in internal ballistic period.Then,based on 3D unsteady Navier-Stocks equation,and combined with dynamic grid technology,numerical simulations were performed for muzzle flow field of this artillery in after-effect period to focus on revealing effects of gunpowder gas flow on brake force characteristics,and analyze contrastively changes in both recoil force and recoil impulse of two cased telescoped ammunition artilleries with and without the composite recoil reduction technology in overall interior ballistic and after-effect period.The study results showed that under the condition of keeping constant projectile initial velocity,using the proposed composite recoil reduction technology can effectively reduce recoil force of cased telescoped ammunition gun to reduce recoil impulse from 1720.36 N·s to 306.04 N·s,and reach the recoil reduction efficiency of 82.2%.

关 键 词：埋头弹火炮 膨胀波技术 炮口制退器 减后坐 后坐冲量 

分 类 号：TJ012.2[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术]