电动汽车充电站参与电网辅助调频的控制方法  

Control method of electric vehicle charging station participating in auxiliary frequency regulation for power grid

作　　者：姚若钰 王馨杉 YAO Ruoyu;WANG Xinshan(School of Control and Computer Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 100096,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学控制与计算机工程学院,北京100096

出　　处：《电力科学与技术学报》2025年第1期19-28,共10页Journal of Electric Power Science And Technology

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2023JC002)。

摘　　要：电动汽车(electric vehicle,EV)参与电网辅助调频,即利用电动汽车的“源—荷”特性来快速消除系统频率波动。然而,在保持系统性能条件下,如何保障大规模电动汽车辅助调频的经济性仍然是个挑战。为此,针对大规模EV聚合充电站辅助参与电网的负荷频率控制(load frequency control,LFC)问题,提出分布式经济模型预测控制(distributed economic model predictive control,DEMPC)方法,在经济模型预测控制的基础上,以单层结构控制双层分层,实现多个区域电网的分布式协同控制。通过经济成本函数的凸松弛实现控制器的优化,利用每个子系统控制器与相邻子系统的协同工作确保整个系统的控制性能,以合适的终端成本函数保证系统的渐进稳定性。仿真结果可以表明该方法的有效性和优越性。Electric vehicle(EV)participating in grid ancillary frequency regulation involves leveraging the"source-load"characteristics of EVs to quickly eliminate system frequency fluctuations.However,ensuring the economic feasibility of large-scale EV-assisted frequency regulation while maintaining system performance remains a challenge.To address this,a distributed economic model predictive control(DEMPC)method is proposed for large-scale EV aggregated charging stations assisting in grid load frequency control(LFC).Based on economic model predictive control,the DEMPC method employs a single-layer control structure to oversee a two-tiered hierarchical system,enabling distributed collaborative control across multiple regional power grids.The optimization of controllers is achieved through convex relaxation of the economic cost function.The collaborative work of each subsystem controller with adjacent subsystems ensures the control performance of the entire system,and an appropriate terminal cost function guarantees the asymptotic stability of the system.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of this method.

关 键 词：分布式经济模型预测控制 负荷频率控制 电动汽车 多区域互联电网 系统稳定性 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]