7075铝合金CMT电弧增材组织及性能研究  

Study on Microstructure and Properties of 7075 Aluminum Alloy CMT Arc Additive

作　　者：徐望辉 李雨 刘莉 董春林 刘锐哲 Xu Wanghui;Li Yu;Liu Li;Dong Chunlin;Liu Ruizhe(School of Intelligent Manufacturing,Guangzhou Maritime University,Guangzhou 510725,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]广州航海学院智能制造学院,广州510725 [2]北京工业大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100124

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2025年第4期34-37,84,共5页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52205341);广州市开发区国际科技合作项目(2023GH19)。

摘　　要：由于铝合金具有高强度、低密度、和抗腐蚀性等优良特性,在航空航天、舰艇制造和汽车交通等领域具有广泛应用。电弧增材制造具有高的沉积速率和材料利用率,以及好的设计裕度,非常适用于高强铝合金构件的制造。然而,目前增材制造的高强铝合金普遍存在气孔较多、层间未熔合等缺陷,进而影响构件力学性能。针对这些问题,以电弧增材制造的Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金为研究对象,使用光学显微镜观察沉积样品的宏观形貌跟金相组织,使用扫描电子显微镜观察样品的微观组织,使用电子万能拉伸机检测沉积样品的拉伸性能。研究结果表明,添加TiC纳米颗粒后,沉积态样品气孔较少,组织均匀,得到的组织均为等轴晶,未出现颗粒聚集的现象,在晶界处可以析出ηMgZn_(2)相,经T6热处理之后,沉积态样品横向跟纵向的极限抗拉强度分别为469 MPa和476 MPa,力学性能表现优异。研究结果为增材制造铝合金材料的开发和设计提供了重要的思路和参考。Due to its excellent properties of high strength,low density and corrosion resistance,aluminum alloy has been widely used in aerospace,naval ship manufacturing and automobile transportation.Arc additive manufacturing has high deposition rate and material utilization,as well as good design margin,which is very suitable for the manufacture of high-strength aluminum alloy components.However,at present,the high strength aluminum alloys manufactured by additive manufacturing generally have defects such as more pores and non-fusion between layers,which affect the mechanical properties of the components.To solve these problems,Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy made by arc additive is taken as the research object.The macroscopic morphology and metallographic structure of the deposited samples are observed by optical microscope,the microscopic structure of the samples is observed by scanning electron microscope,and the tensile properties of the deposited samples are detected by electronic universal tensile machine.The results show that after the addition of TiC nanoparticles,the deposited samples have fewer pores and uniform microstructure,and the obtained structures are all isaxed without particle aggregation.ηMgZn_(2) phase can be precipitated at the grain boundaries.After T6 heat treatment,the ultimate tensile strength of the deposited samples is 469 MPa and 476 MPa,respectively,mechanical property is excellent.The study provides important ideas and references for the development and design of additive manufacturing aluminum alloy materials.

关 键 词：电弧增材 AL-ZN-MG-CU合金 TiC纳米颗粒 微观组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG4[金属学及工艺—焊接]