环境信息公开与污染型企业选址  

Environmental Information Disclosure and Site Selection of Polluting Enterprises

作　　者：许静林 杨鑫垚 谭伟杰 向为民 Xu Jing-lin;Yang Xin-yao;Tan Wei-jie;Xiang Wei-min(Tsinghua University,Beijing 100083;Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031;Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China;Chongqingg Technology and Business Universit,y,Chongqingg 400067,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学五道口金融学院,北京100083 [2]西南交通大学公共管理与政法学院,四川成都610031 [3]上海财经大学公共经济与管理学院,上海200433 [4]重庆工商大学管理科学与工程学院,重庆400067

出　　处：《当代财经》2025年第1期83-96,共14页Contemporary Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“大规模减税降费的效应评估与政策优化研究”(20&ZD079);国家社会科学基金项目“二元均衡视角下房地产过度金融化及其治理研究”(20BJY072);上海财经大学研究生创新基金(CXJJ-2024-334)。

摘　　要：环境规制下的污染企业选址策略一直以来都是社会各界关注的重要问题。以中国环境信息公开政策作为准自然实验,基于2003—2013年270个地级市的新增污染型企业数据,运用双重差分法实证考察了环境信息公开政策对污染型企业选址的影响。研究结果表明,环境信息公开政策抑制了污染型企业的进入。异质性分析结果显示,环境信息公开政策对污染型企业进入的抑制效应在国有、私营及其他污染型企业和东部地区中更为显著。结合宏观与微观数据的双重验证表明,环境信息公开政策主要通过发挥绿色转型驱动效应和污染避难所效应影响污染型企业选址。一方面,政策通过提高公众环保意识降低公众对污染型企业的容纳度;另一方面,政策在减少企业污染排放的同时提高了企业生产成本,促使污染型企业向环境监管洼地迁移。因此,建议政府、社会公众与企业三方协同合作,不断完善具有中国特色的环境治理监管体系,密切关注污染型企业动向,并以合理的环保要求和规范的经营行为作为市场准入原则,以推动经济高质量发展。The site selection strategy of polluting enterprises under environmental regulations has always been an important issue of concern to all sectors of society.Taking China's environmental information disclosure policy as a quasi natural experiment,and based on the data from 270 newly added polluting enterprises at prefecture level cities from 2003 to 2013,this paper empirically examines the impact of environmental information disclosure policy on the site selection of polluting enterprises with the difference in differences method.The research results indicate that the policy of environmental information disclosure has suppressed the entry of polluting enterprises.The heterogeneity analysis results show that the inhibitory effect of environmental information disclosure policies on the entry of polluting enterprises is more significant in state-owned,private,and other polluting enterprises,as well as in the eastern region.The dual verification of the macro and micro data shows that the policy of environmental information disclosure mainly affects the site selection of polluting enterprises by leveraging the driving effect of green transformation and the pollution shelter effect.On the one hand,the policies reduce the public's tolerance for polluting enterprises by raising public environmental awareness;on the other hand,the policies have increased the production costs of enterprises while reducing their pollution emissions,prompting the polluting enterprises to move to environmental regulatory low-lying land.Therefore,it is recommended that the government,the general public,and enterprises work together to continuously improve the environmental governance and regulatory system with Chinese characteristics,closely monitor the trends of polluting enterprises,and use reasonable environmental protection requirements and standardized business practices as market access principles to promote the high-quality economic development.

关 键 词：环境信息公开 污染型企业选址 绿色转型 污染避难所 企业环境成本 

分 类 号：F532[经济管理—产业经济] X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程]