三黄鸡MDV、ALV和CIAV多重感染的临床发病观察与分析  

Clinical Observations and Analysis of Co-infection with MDV,ALV and CIAV Viruses in Three-yellow Chickens

作　　者：陈鑫 刘林敏 高鑫 韦天超[1] 黄腾[1,3,4] CHEN Xin;LIU Linmin;GAO Xin;WEI Tianchao;HUANG Teng(College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi Agricultural Engineering Vocational Technical College,Chongzuo 530028,China;Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics,Nanning 530004,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding,Disease Control and Prevention,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科学技术学院,广西南宁530004 [2]广西农业工程职业技术学院动物科技学院,广西崇左530028 [3]广西壮族自治区兽用生物制品工程研究中心,广西南宁530004 [4]广西畜禽繁育与疾病防控重点实验室,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《家禽科学》2025年第3期27-34,I0007,共9页China Poultry Science

基　　金：广西科技重大专项(桂科AA23062050);国家自然科学基金项目(32060793)。

摘　　要：现场解剖来自广西某养殖场一批110日龄疑似患肿瘤病的三黄鸡,选取肝脏、心脏、脾脏、小肠、腺胃等剖检病变明显的内脏组织用于病理学观察,并通过PCR检测病鸡样品所含的MDV、ALV、REV和CIAV等当地流行的免疫抑制性病毒特异基因片段。病鸡肝脏、腺胃和小肠存在大量肿瘤细胞增殖、浸润;肝脏血管周围有多种炎细胞浸润,肝细胞索受压萎缩;脾脏淤血,弥漫性实质细胞凋亡,呈空泡状,并可见大量异嗜性细胞浸润和含铁血黄素沉着;心脏发生心肌炎,心肌纤维坏死,细胞溶解并伴大量炎细胞浸润。个别病鸡检出MDV或CIAV单一感染,而MDV、ALV和CIAV三种病毒共感染的检出率最高,达63.88%,所有样品均未检测出REV。以上结果表明,这批临近上市的三黄鸡群发生临床肿瘤病主要是由MDV、ALV和CIAV共感染所致,尤其是ALV-K亚群感染占比突出。A group of 110-day-old Three-yellow chickens with suspicious tumor onset were collected from a farm in Guangxi Province and then subjected to necropsy in field.Visceral tissues with apparent lesions,including the liver,heart,spleen,small intestine and proventriculus,were processed and examined for pathological changes.PCR tests were used to detect the target gene fragments specific for immunosuppressive viruses circulating in the region,for example MDV,ALV,REV and CIAV.Numerous tumor cells were found to proliferate and overwhelm the liver,proventriculus and small intestine.In the liver,the periphery of blood vessel was swarmed by various inflammatory cells,and the compressed hepatic cord was seen to shrink.The apoptotic parenchymal cells appeared vacuolar and diffused in the ecchymotic spleen,where a considerable amount of heterophils and deposition of hemosiderin were observed.In the heart,myocarditis was characterized by necrosis of myocardial fibers and cell lysis along with an abundance of inflammatory cells.Single infection with MDV or CIAV was detected in only few birds,while most chickens were concurrently infected with MDV,ALV and CIAV,accounting for 63.88%of the diagnosed individuals.Nevertheless,all tissue samples were tested negative for REV.Taken together,these Three-yellow chickens ready for being sold were diagnosed with tumors,which were largely attributed to the co-infection of MDV,ALV as well as CIAV,especially with the ALV-K subgroup.

关 键 词：三黄鸡 马立克病病毒 禽白血病病毒 鸡传染性贫血病病毒 共感染 病理变化 

分 类 号：S858.31[农业科学—临床兽医学]