专利侵权诉讼中合法来源抗辩的证明责任探析  

An analysis of the proof responsibility for the defense of legitimate sources in patent infringement cases

作　　者：何培育 谭诗悦 HE Peiyu;TAN Shiyue(Chongqing Intellectual Property Administration,Chongqing 400023,China;Law School,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市知识产权局,重庆400023 [2]西南政法大学法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《重庆理工大学学报(社会科学)》2025年第2期204-214,共11页Journal of Chongqing University of Technology(Social Science)

基　　金：国家知识产权局软科学项目“知识产权行政管理体制改革研究”(SS24-A-17)。

摘　　要：在知识产权侵权诉讼中,证明涉案侵权产品具有合法来源是被诉侵权人主张免除损害赔偿责任的重要抗辩事由之一。司法实务中的难点主要体现在证明责任分配不明确和证明标准过高,导致法院审查标准宽严不一,亟需确立统一的裁判标准。在实体法上,确立善意无过失的标准,核心在于合理注意义务的认定,针对不同规模的销售者在注意义务上应予区分,以实现个案实质正义;在程序法上,被诉侵权人应围绕交易全过程来证明被诉侵权产品来源合法以完成客观要件的证明,并推定其在主观上不具有过错,从而成立合法来源抗辩,此时应当由权利人进一步举证证明被诉侵权人具有过失,并可在特定情形下直接认定被诉侵权人具有过错。The legitimate source defense is an important defense in intellectual property litigation to exempt liability for damages.The difficulties in judicial practice are mainly reflected in the unclear allocation of burden of proof and excessively high standards of proof,leading to varying standards of court review.It is urgent to establish a unified judgment standard.In substantive law,the establishment of the standard of good faith and no fault lies in the determination of reasonable duty of care,which should be distinguished for sellers of different sizes in order to achieve substantive justice in individual cases;in procedural law,the accused infringer should focus on the entire transaction process to prove the legitimacy of the source of the accused infringing product in order to complete the objective proof,and assume that it is not at fault subjectively,thus establishing a legitimate source defense.At this time,the right holder should further provide evidence to prove that the accused infringer is at fault,and can directly determine that the accused infringer is at fault in specific circumstances.

关 键 词：专利侵权 合法来源抗辩 证明责任 证明标准 

分 类 号：D923.42[政治法律—民商法学]