基于X-CT的泡沫铝孔隙结构及变形行为分析  

Analysis of Pore Structure and Deformation Behavior of Aluminum Foam Based on X-CT

作　　者：牛杰 和西民 曹少俊 刘雄飞 NIU Jie;HE Ximin;CAO Shaojun;LIU Xiongfei(School of Architectural Engineering,Changzhou Vocational Institute of Engineering,Jiangsu Changzhou 213164,China;School of Civil and Transportation Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China)

机构地区：[1]常州工程职业技术学院建筑工程学院,江苏常州213164 [2]河北工业大学土木与交通学院,天津300401

出　　处：《包装工程》2025年第5期265-271,共7页Packaging Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52278252);河北省自然科学基金(E2023202258);江苏省建设系统科技项目(2024ZD048);常州工程职业技术学院科研基金(11130300124001)。

摘　　要：目的探究孔隙结构对泡沫铝力学性能及变形失效模式的影响。方法以均质泡沫铝(L型、M型、H型)及梯度泡沫铝(LMH型)为研究对象,通过X-CT统计分析不同密度泡沫铝的支柱厚度、孔径分布、面孔隙率、球形度和分形维数,进一步结合数值仿真方法研究均质及梯度泡沫铝结构的静态变形失效模式。结果不同密度泡沫铝支柱厚度主要集中在0.2~1.0 mm,且0.6~0.8 mm厚度的支柱数量约占总量的1/3。泡沫铝孔径主要分布在0~0.5 mm,不同密度泡沫铝在不同方向的面孔隙率较为均匀。梯度泡沫铝在静态压缩下的变形失效呈逐层压溃破坏模式,而均质泡沫铝主要在内部胞孔壁厚较薄区域首先出现裂纹,然后向四周延伸直至破坏。结论支柱厚度显著影响泡沫铝力学性能;泡沫铝分形维数数值越大,孔隙结构越复杂;从数值仿真角度再现泡沫铝压缩的过程,为梯度泡沫铝的优化设计提供一定参考。The work aims to investigate the influence of pore structure on the mechanical properties and deformation failure modes of foam aluminum.Focusing on homogeneous foam aluminum(L,M,and H)and gradient foam aluminum(LMH),an X-ray computed tomography(X-CT)statistical analysis was conducted to examine the column thickness,pore size distribution,surface porosity,roundness,and fractal dimension of foam aluminum with varying densities.Additionally,numerical simulation methods were applied to analyze the static deformation failure modes of both homogeneous and gradient foam aluminum structures.The results indicated that the column thickness of foam aluminum,across different densities,was predominantly concentrated between 0.2 and 1.0 mm,with approximately one-third of the column thicknesses falling within the range from 0.6 to 0.8 mm.The pore size distribution of foam aluminum was mainly observed to range from 0 to 0.5 mm.Surface porosity was found to be relatively uniform across all directions for foam aluminum with different densities. Under static compression, the deformation failure mode of gradient foam aluminum was characterized by layer collapse, whereas the failure mode of homogeneous foam aluminum primarily involved crack formation in the thin-walled regions of internal cellular pores, followed by the propagation of these cracks to the surrounding areas, ultimately leading to structural failure. In conclusion, the thickness of the struts significantly influences the mechanical properties of aluminum foam. The larger the fractal dimension value of aluminum foam, the more complex its pore structure. Reproducing the compression process of aluminum foam through numerical simulation can provide some reference for the optimization design of gradient aluminum foam.

关 键 词：泡沫铝 孔隙结构 变形行为 X-CT 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TB30[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]