三门峡盆地地质矿产勘查历程和油气发现启示  

Exploration history of geological mineral resources in Sanmenxia basin and implications from oil and gas discovery

作　　者：张交东 周新桂[1,2] 杨超 刘晖[1,2] 包书景 鲁增锋 张敬凯[5] ZHANG Jiaodong;ZHOU Xingui;YANG Chao;LIU Hui;BAO Shujing;LU Zengfeng;ZHANG Jingkai(Oil&Gas Survey Center,China Geological Survey,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil&Gas Geology,China Geological Survey,Beijing 100083,China;China Geological Survey,Beijing 100083,China;Lingbao Natural Resource Planning Bureau in Henan Province,Sanmenxia Henan 472500,China;Henan Geology Bureau,Zhengzhou Henan 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心,北京100083 [2]中国地质调查局非常规油气地质重点实验室,北京100083 [3]中国地质调查局,北京100083 [4]河南省灵宝市自然资源和规划局,河南三门峡472500 [5]河南省地质局,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《中国地质调查》2025年第1期1-16,共16页Geological Survey of China

基　　金：中国地质调查局“三门峡盆地及鄂尔多斯南缘盆地群油气调查评价(编号:DD20230262)”;中国石油化工股份有限公司华北油气分公司科技项目“豫西重点地区构造特征及有利区优选(编号:34550000-21-FW0399-0002)”联合资助。

摘　　要：三门峡盆地为华北陆块南缘以新生界为主的一个小型断陷盆地,自20世纪50年代以来,陆续开展过二维地震和钻井等油气勘探工作,2023年油气调查取得突破。近70 a的勘探历程可分为:石油普查和基础地质调查、公益性油气地质调查、油气突破和潜力评价3个阶段。近年来,公益性油气调查在盆地南缘落实了古近系烃源岩,并取得油气成藏新认识;为进一步查明盆地含油气性,在函谷关构造带优选部署实施豫峡地1井,测井综合解释油层5层,分层试油均获得稳定工业油流,实现了三门峡盆地油气发现;初步估算了三门峡盆地油气远景地质资源量。通过总结三门峡盆地勘探历程和油气突破,获得5点启示:注重一线调查细节,发现潜在烃源岩;综合以往各类资料,加强油气基础地质研究;探索经济适用技术,深化认识查验疑点;地质和工程紧密衔接,促进油气快速突破;央-地-企协同勘查,加快落实资源潜力。三门峡盆地作为我国数量颇多的低勘探程度中小型盆地的代表,由烃源岩发现到快速突破的勘探经验和工作启示,有助于提振周缘久攻未克的渭河盆地和南华北盆地的勘探信心,对于对我国动力学背景类似的中小型盆地油气勘查也具有重要的引领和借鉴意义。Sanmenxia basin is a small Cenozoic-dominated rift basin in the southern margin of North China Block,and 2D seismic and drilling work of oil and gas exploration has been conducted since the 1950 s.Significant progress was made in 2023,and three exploration phases were divided for 70 years of exploration,including petroleum prospecting and basic geological survey,public-benefit oil and gas geological survey,hydrocarbon breakthrough and resource potential assessment.In recent years,Paleogene hydrocarbon source rocks were identified in the southern basin through public-benefit oil and gas survey,and advanced understanding of hydrocarbon accumulation was obtained.Well Yuxiadi-1 was strategically deployed in Hanguguan structural belt to further evaluate oil and gas potential,and five oil-bearing layers were revealed through logging interpretation.Stable industrial oil flows were obtained during multi-layer testing,marking a historic breakthrough in Sanmenxia basin.Preliminary estimate of the basin's prospective geological resources has been made.Five critical insights emerge from exploration history and oil breakthrough.①Meticulous field observations enable source rock identification.②Integrated data analysis enhances fundamental petroleum geology research.③Cost-effective technical approaches have been explored,the anderstanding has been deepened and the cloubts have been verified;④Synergized geological-engineering integration accelerates discoveries.⑤Collaborative central government-local government-enterprise exploration model optimizes resource evaluation.As a representative of China's numerous under-explored medium-small basins,Sanmenxia's rapid transition from source rock discovery to commercial flow achievement boosts confidence for the neighboring basins like Weihe basin and the Southern North China basin,and provides valuable guidance and references for hydrocarbon exploration in structurally similar small-medium basins nationwide.

关 键 词：三门峡盆地 豫峡地1井 勘探历程 资源远景 油气发现启示 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学] P624.6[天文地球—地质学]