重工业城市岩溶地下河中PAHs的污染特征及健康风险评价  

Pollution characteristic and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in karst underground river of heavy industrial city

作　　者：苗迎[1,2] MIAO Ying(Institute of Karst Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics,Ministry of Natural Resonrces&Guangxi/International Research Centre on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO/National Center for International Research on Karst Dynamic System and Global Change,Guilin Guangxi 541004,China;National Observation and Research Station of Karst Ecosystem in Pingguo of Guangxi,Pingguo Guangxi 531406,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所/自然资源部、广西岩溶动力学重点实验室/联合国教科文组织国际岩溶研究中心/岩溶动力系统与全球变化国际联合研究中心,广西桂林541004 [2]广西平果喀斯特生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,广西平果531406

出　　处：《中国地质调查》2025年第1期90-97,共8页Geological Survey of China

基　　金：中国地质调查局“西南地区岩溶碳汇本底调查与监测(编号:DD20230547)”;中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所基本科研业务费“重庆浅层岩溶热储成因模式及水文动态模拟(编号:2023019)”;国家自然科学基金“气候变化下的喀斯特关键带结构特征、水文过程与模型模拟——中国西南喀斯特高原区和伊朗札格罗斯山区流域对比研究(编号:42261144672)”项目联合资助。

摘　　要：重工业城市是多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)的重要污染源体,岩溶区因其独特的地下空间结构,导致PAHs在岩溶环境中能长期存在,危害岩溶生态系统和人类健康。为揭示重工业城市岩溶地下河中PAHs的污染特征,于2015年6月(丰水期)和12月(枯水期),采集鸡喇地下河管道沿走向布设的6个采样点,枯水期增加1个响水河采样点。结果表明:①丰、枯水期地下水中ΣPAHs平均浓度分别为267.32 ng/L和350.59 ng/L,且丰水期PAHs组成以2~3环为主,枯水期以4环为主,其组成表现出受降雨以及各组分理化性质的影响;②鸡喇地下河受到了柳北重工业的影响,其PAHs污染水平为中等;③健康风险评价结果显示仅枯水期部分风险指数高于5.0×10^(-5),尤其是幼儿阶段超标率较高,表明PAHs对居民身体健康具有一定的危害,但危害不大;④通过对鸡喇地下河中PAHs的后续追踪,发现鸡喇地下河中PAHs的浓度近些年处于较稳定的状态。研究PAHs在岩溶区重工业城市多环境介质中的环境行为,防治PAHs对岩溶环境的污染,既是环境科学研究的一项重要内容,又可为岩溶地区工业布局和城市规划提供科技支撑。The heavy industrial city is an important source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)pollution.PAHs can exist in karst environment for a long time due to its unique underground space structure,which harms the karst ecosystem and human health.In order to reveal the characteristics of PAHs pollution in karst underground river in heavy industrial city,the researchers in this paper collected 6 sampling sites in Jila underground river pipeline strike in June(wet season)and December(dry season)in 2015,and added 1 sampling site in Xiangshui River during dry season.The results are as follows.①The average concentrations of ΣPAHs in groundwater in wet reason and dry season were 267.32 ng/L and 350.59 ng/L,respectively.The PAHs were mainly composed of 2~3 rings in wet season and 4 rings in dry season,which were influenced by rainfall and physicochemical properties of each component.②Jila underground river was affected by Liubei heavy industry,and its PAHs pollution level was medium.③The results of health risk assessment showed that only part of the risk index in dry season was higher than 5.0×10^(-5),especially in the early childhood stage,indicating that PAHs had certain harm to the residents'health,but the harm was not great.④Through the follow-up tracking of PAHs in Jila underground river,it was found that the PAHs concentration in Jila underground river was in a relatively stable state in recent years.The environmental behavior research of PAHs in the multi-environmental media of heavy industrial cities and prevention of PAHs pollution to karst environment is not only an important content of environmental science research,but also provides scientific and technological support for industrial layout and urban planning in karst areas.

关 键 词：重工业城市 岩溶地下河 PAHS 污染特征 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：P641.69[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] X131.2[天文地球—地质学]