东南亚生物质燃烧对海南岛空气质量的影响分析  

Analysis of Impacts of Biomass Burning in Southeast Asia on Air Quality in Hainan Island

作　　者：许杏红 徐文帅 孟鑫鑫 邢宝钗 曾兆荷 盛慧 颜为军 XU Xinghong;XU Wenshuai;MENG Xinxin;XING Baochai;ZENG Zhaohe;SHENG Hui;YAN Weijun(Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Hainan Province,Haikou 570100,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省生态环境监测中心,海南海口570100

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2025年第1期42-52,共11页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：2020年海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ202007);海南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(423QN315)。

摘　　要：基于地面气象观测资料、环境空气污染物监测数据、卫星火点监测数据等多源数据,对2023年3月21—26日海南岛一次颗粒物浓度异常升高过程的原因进行分析,并利用HYSPLIT后向轨迹及潜在源贡献分析法对颗粒物的来源和传输路径进行解析。结果显示,在此次颗粒物浓度异常升高过程中,海南岛颗粒物浓度变化表现为缓慢上升、波动下降和西部高、东部低的特征。其中,PM_(2.5)日均浓度最大值达28μg/m^(3),是2019—2022年海南岛3月份月均浓度的1.9倍,而其间的大气扩散和湿清除条件与2019-2022年同期相当或比之略偏好,说明气象条件不是导致此次海南岛颗粒物浓度异常升高的直接原因。PM_(2.5)与CO浓度呈极显著的正相关关系(r=0.86),具有典型的生物质燃烧特征。后向轨迹及潜在源分析结果表明,泰国东南部、老挝南部及越南东部地区生物质燃烧产生的高浓度污染气团向海南岛的输送,是造成此次海南岛颗粒物浓度异常升高的重要原因。Causes of the case in Hainan island,China that the particulate matter(PM)concentration increased abnormally from 21st March to 26th March,2023,were analyzed based on surface meteorological observation data,atmospheric pollutant data,satellite fire monitoring data and so on.Furthermore,the pollution sources and transmission paths of this case were deduced with HYSPLIT backward trajectories and potential source contribution analysis method.The results were summarized as follows:(1)Temporally,the PM concentration was slow increase and fluctuant decrease.Spatially,it was higher in the western Hainan than eastern.The maximum PM_(2.5)daily average concentration of the case was 28μg/m^(3),which was 1.9 times higher than the monthly average concentration in March,2019-2022.However,the atmospheric diffusion and wet clearance conditions of the case were equivalent to or slightly preferred to the same periods in 2019-2022.This indicated that the meteorological conditions were not the direct causes of the abnormal increase of PM concentration in this case.(2)This was a typical case with prominent biomass combustion characteristics because of the significant positive correlation(r=0.86)between PM_(2.5)and CO concentrations.(3)The high-concentration polluted air masses produced by biomass combustion from southeastern Thailand,southern Laos,and eastern Vietnam played important roles in Hainan island abnormal increase of PM concentration in this case,according to the simulated results of the HYSPLIT backward trajectories and potential source contribution analysis method.

关 键 词：生物质燃烧 跨区域传输 PM_(2.5) 潜在源分析 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]