中山市大气挥发性有机物污染特征、臭氧生成潜势及污染防治能力评估  

Analysis of Pollution Characteristics,Ozone Formation Potential and Evaluation of Pollution Prevention Capability on Ambient VOCs in Zhongshan City

作　　者：杨栩 陈弘丽 利雪儿 YANG Xu;CHEN Hongli;LI Xue'er(Zhongshan Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Station of Guangdong Province,Zhongshan 528400,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省中山生态环境监测站,广东中山528400

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2025年第1期76-86,共11页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：中山市社会公益与基础研究项目(2021SYF08,2021B2004)。

摘　　要：首次选取中山市23个镇街典型点位,分别在2022年夏季和冬季开展挥发性有机物(VOCs)手工采样监测,分析其污染特征、臭氧生成潜势(OFP),并评估各点位的VOCs污染防治能力。结果显示:在夏季,东区点位VOCs质量浓度最高,达3252μg/m^(3);而在冬季,大涌点位VOCs污染最严重,高达2785μg/m^(3)。各点位监测结果与中山市气候特征和经济发展特点相吻合。总体上,体积分数位于前列的VOCs成分主要有芳香烃、醛酮类和烷烃,质量浓度位于前列的物种主要有乙酸乙酯、2-丁酮、丙酮、二氯甲烷和苯系物。各点位的冬季OFP比夏季更高,其中大涌点位的OFP在两个季节均为最高。芳香烃在冬季对各点位OFP的贡献特别显著。在夏季,对OFP贡献突出的物种主要有乙醛、异戊二烯、间/对-二甲苯和邻-二甲苯;在冬季,对OFP贡献突出的物种主要有间/对-二甲苯、邻-二甲苯和甲苯。通过数据模型分析发现,中山港、小榄和坦洲点位的VOCs污染防治能力强,大涌点位的VOCs污染防治能力差,中心城区、新区和经济薄弱区域点位的VOCs污染防治能力较差,其余点位的VOCs污染防治能力相对较强。For the first time the pollution characteristics of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)and ozone generation potential(OFP)were analyzed through offline monitoring of VOCs in summer and winter of 2022 at 23 typical sites of Zhongshan City,and the VOCs pollution prevention capability for each site was evaluated.The results showed that the mass concentration of total volatile organic compounds(TVOCs)was higher in winter than in summer for all the sites.The VOCs mass concentration of the Dongqu site in summer was the highest among all the sites(3252μg/m^(3))while the atmospheric environment of the Dachong site suffered from the most severe VOCs pollution in winter(2785μg/m^(3)).The results of each site were coincided with the characteristics of atmosphere and economic development of Zhongshan.Overall the main components of the volume fractions at different sties which locates at the first ranks were aromatics,aldehydes-ketones and alkanes,while the species identified the first ranks of the mass concentrations were ethyl acetate,2-butanone,acetone,dichloromethane and benzene series(BTEX).The OFP concentration was higher in winter than in summer for each monitoring site.The Dachong site in both seasons gained the highest OFP concentration.The aromatics had significant contribution on the generations of the ozone at each site in winter.The main species,located first ranks for OFP contributions at each site,were acetaldehyde,isoprene,m/p-xylene and o-xylene in summer while were m/p-xylene,o-xylene and toluene in winter.Through the data model it was found that the pollution prevention capability of VOCs at the site of Zhongshan Port,Xiaolan and Tanzhou was great,while it was poor at the site of Dachong.The sites from city center,new developmental zone and week economy area were obviously relatively poor on the pollution prevention capability of VOCs while the other sites were relatively strong.

关 键 词：挥发性有机物(VOCs) 污染特征 臭氧生成潜势(OFP) 污染防治能力评估 中山市 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]