1990-2020年天山北坡冰川编目数据集  

A dataset of glacier inventory on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains from 1990 to 2020

作　　者：胡家瑜 姚晓军[1] 刘一丹 张娟 郭振扬 HU Jiayu;YAO Xiaojun;LIU Yidan;ZHANG Juan;GUO Zhenyang(College of Geography and Environmental Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《中国科学数据(中英文网络版)》2025年第1期355-366,共12页China Scientific Data

基　　金：第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2021XJKK0801)。

摘　　要：冰川是气候变化的敏感指示器,研究其动态变化对揭示全球气候变化具有重要意义。受全球气候变暖影响,天山北坡的冰川呈快速退缩趋势。在现有的冰川编目数据集中,天山北坡冰川边界解译数据源时间主要在2010年前后,数据的现势性很难满足实际需求。本数据集以1990年Landsat TM和2020年Landsat OLI、Sentinel-2A/2B MSI冰川消融期遥感影像为数据源,采用波段比值法(红光波段/短波红外波段,Red/SWIR)和人工交互方法以及Otus算法确定冰川矢量边界,并基于高分辨率遥感影像和冰川编目数据对冰川边界进行人工目视修订。本数据集包括2020年与1990年两期数据。结果显示,2020年天山北坡冰川数量和面积分别为3253条和1670.55 km^(2),1990年天山北坡冰川数量和面积分别为3270条和2003.19 km^(2)。由遥感影像空间分辨率造成的1990年和2020年冰川面积误差分别为162.14 km^(2)(8.09%)和71.55 km^(2)(4.28%)。本数据集全面反映了1990-2020年天山北坡冰川资源现状和变化,为天山北坡水资源承载力与水安全研究提供了基础资料。Glaciers are sensitive indicators of climate change,and studying their dynamics is of great significance in revealing global climate change.Influenced by global warming,glaciers on the Northern Tianshan Mountains are retreating rapidly.However,existing glacier inventories for the region primarily dates from around 2010,and the timeliness doesn’t meet the current research needs.This dataset is based on remote sensing images from the glacier ablation period of 1990 Landsat TM and 2020 Landsat OLI,Sentinel-2A/2B MSI.The glacier vector boundaries were determined using the band ratio method(Red/SWIR),combined with interactive manual methods and the Otsu algorithm to identify the optimal segmentation threshold.The binary images obtained from threshold segmentation were processed with median filtering and then converted into vector polygons using morphological opening and closing operations.The glacier vector boundaries were manually visually revised and data quality was verified using Google Earth and glacier cataloging information.This dataset includes data from both 2020 and 1990.The results show that the number and area of glaciers were 3,253 and 1,670.55 km^(2) in 2020,respectively,while the number and area of glaciers were 3,270 and 2,003.19 km^(2) in 1990.The errors in the glacier areas of the two periods due to the spatial resolution of the remote sensing images were 162.14 km^(2)(8.09%)for 1990 and 71.55 km^(2)(4.28%)for 2020.This dataset comprehensively reflects the status and changes of glacier resources the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains between 1990 and 2020,providing fundamental data for research on water resource carrying capacity and water security in the region.

关 键 词：冰川编目 LANDSAT SENTINEL 波段比值 天山北坡 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]