立方星和着陆器在我国小行星防御任务中的应用设想  

The Application of CubeSats and Landers in China's Asteroid Defense Mission

作　　者：张伟杰 刘双良 卢志鎏 张天利 赵鑫涛 ZHANG Weijie;LIU Shuangliang;LU Zhiliu;ZHANG Tianli;ZHAO Xintao(Deep Space Exploration Laboratory,Hefei 230071,China;National Key Laboratory of Deep Space Exploration,hefei 230000,China;Deep Space Exploration Technology(Beijing)Co.,LTD,Beijing 100041,China)

机构地区：[1]深空探测实验室,合肥230071 [2]深空探测全国重点实验室,合肥230000 [3]深空探测科技(北京)有限责任公司,北京100041

出　　处：《空间科学与试验学报》2024年第4期36-46,共11页Journal of Space Science and Experiment

摘　　要：自20世纪90年代以来,美国、欧洲、日本和中国先后实施和规划自己的小行星探测和防御任务,小行星成为了继月球和火星后新的深空探测热点。纵观小行星任务的发展历程,立方星和着陆器的应用可在小行星采样返回、近地小行星防御等不同类型的小行星任务中发挥重要作用,提升任务的科学回报和任务效益。本文将分析立方星和着陆器在国外小行星任务中的应用案例,并针对我国首次小行星防御任务的任务目标和任务形式,在任务中使用立方星和着陆器提出一些设想。Since the 1990s,the United States,Europe,Japan and China have successively implemented and planned their own asteroid exploration and defense missions,and asteroids have become a new hot spot for deep space exploration after the Moon and Mars.Looking at the development history of asteroid missions,the application of CubeSats and landers can play an important role in different types of asteroid missions,such as asteroid sampling return and near-Earth asteroid defense.Hayabusa 2 deployed two types of Micro/Nano-landers,MINERVA and MASCOT,in the mission to obtain highprecision in-situ detection data on the asteroid surface,which supplemented and enhanced the scientific discoveries of Hayabusa 2.DART observed the kinetic impact process and ejecta morphology by releasing the CubeSat LICIACube.The HERA mission will use two CubeSats,Milani and Juventas,to accurately measure the surface composition,internal structure and gravity field of the Dimorphos asteroid.This paper will analyze the application cases of CubeSats and landers in different asteroid missions,and propose some ideas for using CubeSats and landers in the mission based on the mission objectives and mission forms of my country's first asteroid defense mission.

关 键 词：小行星探测 小行星防御 立方星 着陆器 

分 类 号：P185[天文地球—天文学]