基于空运行激励的重型数控机床结构模态分析  

Structural Modal Analysis of Heavy CNC Machine Tools Based on No-load Running Excitation

作　　者：赵明 徐妍妍 许枭 张文源 李婷 ZHAO Ming;XU Yanyan;XU Xiao;ZHANG Wenyuan;LI Ting(Wuhan Heavy Duty Machine Tool Group Corporation,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉重型机床集团有限公司,武汉430070

出　　处：《机械工程师》2025年第3期102-104,109,共4页Mechanical Engineer

摘　　要：整机模态测试是实现机床产品动态设计的重要环节。大规格重型数控机床因自身结构质量较大,常规手段难以激励起结构的振动;以数控机床进给轴运动产生的振动作为激励源,运动部件以特定方式空运行,可以激励起结构的有效振动响应。在中小规格重型机床YKG31200滚齿机上进行了进给轴空运行激励试验,得到机床前5阶模态频率和振型,所得结果与传统锤击实验模态对比发现有较好的一致性。对比试验证明,空运行激励方法可用于难激励的重型数控机床结构动态特性研究。Modal testing of the whole machine is an important part of the dynamic design of machine tools.Due to the large structural mass of large-size heavy CNC machine tools,it is difficult to stimulate the vibration of the structure by conventional means.With the vibration generated by the feed axis movement of the CNC machine tool as the excitation source,the moving parts run in a specific way,which can stimulate the effective vibration response of the structure.No-load running excitation tests of the feed axis are carried out on a small and medium-sized heavy-duty YKG31200 gear hobbing machine to obtain the first five orders of modal frequencies and vibration patterns of the machine.The obtained results are in good agreement with the modal comparison of traditional hammering experiments.The comparison test proves that the no-load running excitation method can be used to study the dynamic characteristics of heavy CNC machine tools which are difficult to be excited.

关 键 词：重型数控机床 空运行激励 结构模态分析 

分 类 号：TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]