超高速气动热风洞试验相关的热流标定技术  

Heat-Flux Calibration Techniques in Hypervelocity Wind-Tunnel Tests

作　　者：杨凯[1,2] 王辉 杨庆涛[1,2] 朱新新 刘济春[1,2] 陈苏宇 Yang Kai;Wang Hui;Yang Qingtao;Zhu Xinxin;Liu Jichun;Chen Suyut(Hypervelocity Aerodynaics Institute,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China;National Key Laboratory of Aerpspace Physics in Fiuids,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所,四川绵阳621000 [2]飞行器流体物理全国重点实验室,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《气动研究与试验》2025年第1期53-66,共14页Aerodynamic Research & Experiment

摘　　要：超高速飞行器服役过程中,强烈的流体压缩以及气体黏性作用必然导致严峻的气动热环境。在作为空气动力学研究三大手段之一的超高速风洞试验研究中,以热流为主要测试量的有激波风洞、电弧加热设备以及超高速低密度风洞。针对不同类型风洞试验环境的限制条件,热流测试具有不同的方法和实现方式。如激波风洞毫秒级的有效试验时间势必要求测热手段具备微秒级的快响应时间。相应地,结合测热方式自身的特点,发展了不同热源形式以及操作方法的标定技术。从热流标定技术涉及的标定设备、包含热流范围和标定时长等在内的性能参数、量值传递链以及标定实验数据处理等方面,分析了不同标定技术或方法的特点,指出了相应标定技术或方法存在的局限以及实际操作中容易被忽视的细节。从热流测试的发展趋势以及新场景应用的需求出发,着重讨论了高动态热流传感器标定技术的新进展,为这类大量使用的热流传感器获得准确风洞试验结果奠定了基础条件。Content of abstract thermal environment is harsh for hypervelocity vehicles because of the strong air compression and viscosity effect.As one of the three strategies for aerodynamics research,wind tunnel tests are significant,and heat flux is one of major measurements in shock tunnels,arc-heating tunnels and hypervelocity low-density wind tunnels.Different test requirements result in different techniques for measuring heat flux.For example,shock tunnels require fastresponse heat-flux measuring techniques because of its short effective run time.Combining the characteristics of the measuring techniques,different calibration techniques of different heat sources are developed.The corresponding characteristics and the applicable ranges of calibration techniques are analyzed from the viewpoints of calibration devices,features of heat flux range and calibration time,the tracing chains,and analysis methods of the calibration results.Based on the developing trend and requirements of heat flux measuring techniques,the progress of the calibration method is focused on for heat-flux sensors with fast response time,which helps obtain high-accuracy results of the measured heat flux in wind tunneltests.

关 键 词：热流 标定 气动热 量值溯源链 风洞 

分 类 号：V441[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]