易地扶贫搬迁的增收效应评估——基于四川省凉山彝区农户数据的实证分析  

Assessment of Income Increasing Effect of the Ex-situ Poverty Alleviation Relocation--An Empirical Analysis Based on Data from Farmers in Yi Inhabited Liangshan Regions,Sichuan Province,China

作　　者：曾旭晖[1] ZENG Xuhui

机构地区：[1]四川省社会科学院农村发展研究所,四川成都610071

出　　处：《农村经济》2025年第1期143-151,共9页Rural Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“凉山彝区规模性返贫风险及防范研究”(编号:22BMZ155)的研究成果。

摘　　要：“十三五”易地扶贫搬迁是我国反贫困的一项重要工作,评估易地扶贫搬迁对农户家庭的增收效应,以及对其生计分化的影响,具有重要意义,也为做好巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效链接提供支持。基于对四川省凉山彝区516个农户样本数据的实证分析,通过构建不同的双重差分法统计模型,综合研究发现:①后期搬迁的增收效应显著,在两年的观测期内,相对于未搬迁组来说,搬迁组的净收益要增加50.4%,并且搬迁的增收效应在收入分组较低的贫困家庭中更加显著;②尽管早期搬迁组的收益持续增长,但搬迁效果不如后期搬迁组,两者的收入差距有扩大趋势;③搬迁显著增加了农户家庭的各项收入,甚至经营性收入也得到了较快的增长,并且其增长幅度要明显大于未搬迁农户。基于研究发现,今后应特别关注早期搬迁组的后续生计问题,在政策设计和项目引入上要向早期搬迁安置点适当倾斜,引导搬迁群众实现生计高质量发展;在总结易地扶贫搬迁经验的基础上,持续推进针对凉山发展滞后地区的易地搬迁工作。Ex-situ Poverty Alleviation Relocation is an important task in China's anti-poverty efforts.during the 13th Five-Year Plan period.Evaluating the income increasing effects of relocation for poor farmers and its impact on their livelihood differentiation,is of great significance and provides support for effectively linking the enhancement of anti-poverty achievements with rural revitalization.This study is based on empirical analysis of sample data from 516 farmers in the Yi inhabited Liangshan Region of Sichuan.By constructing Different-in-Differences models,the results are the following.First,the income increasing effect of later relocation is significant.During the two-year observation period,compared with the non relocation group,the net income of the relocation group increased by 50.4%,and the income increasing effect of relocation is more significant for lower income group;second,although the income of the early relocation group continues to grow,the effect is not as good as that of the later relocation group,and the income gap between the two tends to widen;third,relocation has significantly increased the various incomes of rural households,even agricultural income,with a growth rate significantly greater than that of non relocated households.This study has two policy implications:first,special attention should be paid to the follow-up livelihood issues of early relocation groups,and proper policy and fiscal supports favor to early resettlement sites to help residents'achieve high-quality development;second,continue to promote relocation for underdeveloped areas in Liangshan,based on experience learning from Ex-situ poverty alleviation relocation.

关 键 词：易地扶贫搬迁 凉山彝区 增收效应 双重差分 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]