多突变类型低镉香型抗稻瘟病水稻新种质的创制  

Creation of Various Mutation Types of New Rice Germplasms with Low Cadmium Accumulation,Aroma and Blast Resistance

作　　者：程紫钦 胡文彬 刘腾飞 周政 刘烨 孙海东 文萱 贺永慧 贺记外 张家清 赵正洪 张海清[1] CHENG Ziqin;HU Wenbin;LIU Tengfei;ZHOU Zheng;LIU Ye;SUN Haidong;WEN Xuan;HE Yonghui;HE Jiwai;ZHANG Jiaqing;ZHAO Zhenghong;ZHANG Haiqing(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Hunan Rice Research Institute,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;Changsha Environmental Protection College,Changsha,Hunan 410004,China;Hunan Seed Quality Testing Center,Changsha,Hunan 410016,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南省水稻研究所,湖南长沙410125 [3]长沙环境保护职业技术学院,湖南长沙410004 [4]湖南省种子质量检测中心,湖南长沙410016

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2025年第1期37-43,共7页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：湖南省农业科技创新资金项目(2022CX21,2023CX87)。

摘　　要：OsNramp5基因调控水稻镉的吸收及转运,对培育低镉水稻新品种有重要应用价值。以香型抗稻瘟病籼稻材料N5为受体,通过CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术,对OsNramp5基因的第9、10和13外显子进行敲除,创制了无外源基因成分的第9外显子碱基缺失突变体N9-1、N9-2及碱基插入突变体N9-3,第10外显子碱基插入突变体N10-1和第13外显子碱基缺失突变体N13-1。在土壤全镉含量为1.00±0.02 mg/kg、pH值5.6的试验田中,各突变体糙米镉含量比野生型下降了97.60%~98.08%,显著低于国家标准糙米限量指标0.20 mg/kg,且突变体之间无显著性差异;各突变体的株高、单株有效穗数、千粒重、产量等主要农艺性状与野生型无显著差异。创制了多种突变类型的低镉、香型、抗稻瘟病籼稻新材料,为培育低镉水稻新品种提供了技术支撑和材料基础。The OsNramp5 gene controls the uptake and translocation of cadmium(Cd)in rice,and plays an important role in the breeding of rice varieties with low cadmium accumulation.The 9th,10th and 13th exons of the OsNramp5 gene were knocked out by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology with the aromatic blast-resistant indica rice material N5 as the receptor.The nucleobase deletion mutants N9-1 and N9-2 and nucleobase insertion mutant N9-3 in exon 9,the nucleobase insertion mutant N10-1 in exon 10 and the nucleobase deletion mutant N13-1 in exon 13 were created without exogenous gene components.In the experimental field with soil total cadmium content of 1.00±0.02 mg/kg and pH 5.6,the cadmium content in brown rice of each mutant decreased by 97.60%~98.08%compared with the wild type,which was significantly lower than the national standard brown rice limit index of 0.20 mg/kg,and there was no significant difference between the mutants.The main agronomic traits such as plant height,productive panicles per plant,1000-grain weight and grain yield of each mutant were not significantly different from those of wild type.Various mutation types of new indica rice materials with low cadmium accumulation,aroma and blast resistance were created,which provided technical support and material basis for the breeding of new low-cadmium rice varieties.

关 键 词：水稻 低镉 CRISPR/Cas9技术 基因编辑 OsNramp5基因 突变体 新种质 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] Q78[生物学—分子生物学]