基于金融业的近代中国城市网络空间结构  

Spatial structure of urban networks in modern China based on the 1935 National Banking Yearbook

作　　者：党荧 王哲[1] 张晓虹[1] DANG Ying;WANG Zhe;ZHANG Xiaohong(Center for Historical Geographical Studies,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学中国历史地理研究所,上海200433

出　　处：《地理学报》2025年第2期360-376,共17页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(22YJA770017);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(22JJD770022);国家社会科学基金重大项目(18ZDA247);上海市哲学社会科学规划青年课题(2020ECK004)。

摘　　要：本文采用全球化和世界城市研究小组(GaWC)的连锁网络模型方法,基于1935年《全国银行年鉴》所载中资银行、外资银行和票号钱庄2702所(1397家)近代金融机构数据,构建了基于金融业的近代中国城市网络并分析其网络特征、空间结构和凝聚子群分布,最终运用广义线性回归探究其影响因素。结果显示:(1)基于金融业的近代中国城市网络由中资银行主导,其次为外资银行和票号钱庄。(2)在网络联系强度方面,中资银行的城市网络联系形成以“(上海—南京)—(天津—北京)”为顶点的发展轴结构。外资银行的城市联系网络重心在沿海和东北地区。票号钱庄联系网络呈现离散分布。(3)在凝聚子群方面,中资银行城市网络的0子群覆盖长江以北与沿海省份,长江以南遗存多个省域子群。外资银行城市网络分为东北地区与沿海各省两大子群。票号钱庄城市网络子群空间范围差异较大,子群间多处重叠。(4)相较于近代埠际贸易网络,基于金融业的城市网络南北分布更加均衡,整体上空间分布也更为整合;较之基于金融业的现代城市网络,近代网络顶点分布更集中,并更多地与政治中心重合。(5)回归分析结果显示,经济特权,民族资本的繁荣和新式交通条件是影响基于金融业的近代城市网络的重要因素。This study employs the interlocking network model approach of the Globalization and World Cities Research Group(GaWC).Using data from 2702 modern financial institutions,including Chinese banks,foreign banks,and old-style native banks,mentioned in the 1935 National Banking Yearbook,we construct a modern Chinese urban network.The study analyzes the network characteristics,spatial structure,and distribution of cohesive subgroups,and ultimately explores the influencing factors using a Generalized Linear model.Our findings are as follows:(1)The modern Chinese urban network based on the financial industry is dominated by Chinese banks,followed by foreign banks and old-style native banks.(2)In terms of network linkage intensity,the urban network of Chinese banks forms a development axis structure with"(Shanghai-Nanjing)-(Tianjin-Beijing)"as the vertices.The urban network ties of foreign banks are centered in the coastal and northeastern regions.The network linkages of the old-style native banks show a discrete distribution pattern.(3)Concerning cohesive subgroups,subgroup O of the urban network of Chinese banks covers areas north of the Yangtze River and the coastal provinces,and a number of provincial subgroups survive in areas south of the Yangtze River.The city network of foreign banks is divided into two major subgroups:the northeastern region and the coastal provinces.The spatial extent of the subgroups of the urban network of the old-style native banks varies greatly,with much overlap between subgroups.(4)Compared with the modern inter-port trade network,the finance-based city network has a more balanced north-south distribution and a more integrated spatial configuration;compared to the modern financial industry-based urban network,the early-modern network shows a more concentrated distribution of vertices and greater alignment with political centers.(5)Regression analyses show that economic privileges,the prosperity of the national capital,and new transport conditions are major factors influencing the modern fin

关 键 词：全国银行年鉴 历史城市网络 近代银行业 社会网络分析 空间结构 中国 

分 类 号：F832.9[经济管理—金融学] TU984.2[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]