“双碳”目标背景下的甲醇技术及其应用  

Methanol Technology in Context of Dual Carbon Target and Its Application

作　　者：肖楷 高啸天 李震 黄肇和 罗志斌 郑可昕 XIAO Kai;GAO Xiaotian;LI Zhen;HUANG Zhaohe;LUO Zhibin;ZHENG Kexin(China Energy Engineering Group Guangdong Electric Power Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510663,China;Beijing Institute of Technology,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司,广州510663 [2]北京理工大学化学与化工学院,北京100081

出　　处：《内蒙古电力技术》2025年第1期3-10,共8页Inner Mongolia Electric Power

基　　金：中电工程顾问集团有限公司重大科技项目“基于生物质富氧燃烧CFB技术开发及耦合绿色甲醇关键技术研究”(DG3-J04-2024);中电工程顾问集团有限公司集中开发科技项目“物流与能源深度融合发展在低碳港口的应用技术研究”(DG2-X01-2024)。

摘　　要：甲醇作为一种氢能的载体,有望对氢能的开发利用和实现碳中和目标起到重要作用。本文梳理了甲醇性质、合成方法及应用场景,重点对双碳背景下的甲醇利用技术进行总结和对比,分析了现有甲醇应用技术的现状。在直接利用方面,甲醇的直接燃烧比较容易实现,可以用于内燃机、锅炉和直接甲醇燃料电池进行能量供给,但甲醇的低热值和强酸性属性一定程度上限制了上述技术的应用。在促进氢能利用方面,甲醇可以作为氢能载体促进氢能的储运并提供高纯度质量氢气,可以有效促进氢能的开发利用,应予以重点关注和发展。在工业原料方面,甲醇利用技术较为成熟,使用绿色甲醇还可以实现二氧化碳固碳作用。甲醇的制备和使用技术整体较为成熟,但在甲醇燃料电池、直接燃烧方面还有待进一步开发,建议从技术创新、规划布局、政策支撑、相关标准体系建设等多方面协同发展以保证甲醇技术的日趋完善。Methanol,as a carrier of hydrogen energy,holds promise in advancing the exploitation of hydrogen energy and achieving carbon neutrality goals.This paper reviews the properties,synthesis methods,and application scenarios of methanol,with a particular focus on summarizing and comparing methanol utilization technologies under the background of the dual carbon,and analyzes the current state of existing methanol application technologies.In terms of direct utilization,direct combustion of methanol is relatively easy to achieve and can be employed for energy supply in internal combustion engines,boilers,and direct methanol fuel cells.However,the low calorific value and strong acidic property of methanol restrict the application of these technologies to some extent.In terms of facilitating hydrogen energy utilization,methanol can serve as a hydrogen energy carrier to enhance hydrogen storage and transportation and provide high⁃purity and high⁃quality hydrogen,thereby effectively advancing the development and utilization of hydrogen energy,which should be given attention and development.In terms of industrial raw materials,methanol utilization technologies are relatively mature,and the use of green methanol can also achieve carbon fixation from carbon dioxide.Overall,methanol production and utilization technologies are relatively mature.Nevertheless,further technological development is needed in areas such as methanol fuel cells and direct combustion.It is recommended to develop from multiple aspects such as technological innovation,planning layout,policy support,and relevant standard system construction to ensure the gradual improvement of methanol technology.

关 键 词：“双碳”目标 甲醇技术 氢能 可再生能源 燃料 

分 类 号：TQ223[化学工程—有机化工] TK91[动力工程及工程热物理]