生命早期全氟和多氟烷基物质替代品暴露对婴儿生长发育的影响  

Effects of Early Exposure to Alternatives to Per-and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances on Growth and Development of Infants

作　　者：陈小娜[1] 房飞晓 李慧[1] CHEN Xiaona;FANG Feixiao;LI Hui(Department of Children's Health,Maoming Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Maoming Guangdong 525000,China)

机构地区：[1]茂名市妇幼保健院儿童保健科,广东茂名525000

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2025年第2期34-37,共4页China Health Standard Management

基　　金：2022年度广东省医学科研基金项目(B2022216)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨生命早期全氟和多氟烷基物质(per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances,PFAS)替代品暴露对婴儿生长发育的影响及健康风险评估。方法 收集茂名市妇幼保健院2020年5月—2021年5月出生队列中的146对母婴。在妊娠期女性怀孕12~16周时,使用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法精确测量了她们血浆中的2种PFAS质量浓度以及2种PFAS替代品的浓度。在婴儿6个月大时,进行家访并向其父母或其他看护人员发放了年龄与发育进程问卷(ages and stages questionnaires-3,ASQ-3),以此全面评估婴儿的神经行为发育状况。为了深入探究母亲在妊娠期接触PFAS对婴儿6个月大时的ASQ-3各能区发育问题/延迟的影响,运用稳健的泊松回归模型进行了数据分析。结果 全氟己烷磺酸(perfluorohexanesulfonic acid,PFHxS)的检出率最高,为100%,之后依次为PFAS、全氟烷基醚羧酸(perfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic acid,PFECAs)和全氟聚醚磺酸(perfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acids,PFESAs)。PFHxS的中位浓度最高,为2.75 mg/L,之后是PFESAs。PFAS和PFECAs的中位浓度较低,分别为0.12 mg/L和0.13mg/L。在6月龄婴儿中,沟通能区的发育问题/延迟率最高,粗大运动能区的发育问题/延迟率最低。男婴和女婴比较,其ASQ能区的发育问题/延迟率差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。妊娠期女性妊娠期血浆PFAS浓度与婴儿精细动作能区发育问题呈正向相关,PFHxS浓度则与婴儿精细动作能区、个人-社会问题能区发育问题呈正向相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PFAS替代品PFECAs和PFESAs在妊娠期女性血浆浓度未观察到与婴儿各能区发育问题呈相关性(P> 0.05)。结论 与PFAS相比,PFECAs和PFESAs这2种PFAS替代品在妊娠期女性血浆浓度未观察到与婴儿各能区发育问题呈负相关性,安全性相对较高。此文的研究结果为婴儿全氟和多氟烷基物质替代品暴露后期标准制定提供了借鉴内容。Objective To explore the effects of exposure to perand polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)in early life on infant′s growth and development and health risk assessment.Methods A total of 146 pairs of mothers and infants from the May 2020 to May 2021 birth cohort in Maoming Maternal and Child Health Hospital were collected.Mass concentrations of 2 PFAS in their plasma and concentrations of 2 PFAS substitutes were accurately measured using high-performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry in pregnant women at 12-16 weeks of gestation.The infant's neurobehavioural development was comprehensively assessed by home visits and administration of the Age and Developmental Progression Questionnaire(ASQ-3)to the parents or other caregivers at 6 months of age.To explore the impact of maternal exposure to PFAS during pregnancy on the development issues/delays in various domains of the ASQ-3 at infant′s 6 months of age,robust Poisson regression models were used for data analysis.Results PFHxS had the highest detection rate of 100%,followed by PFAS,PFECAs,and PFESAs in that order.The median concentration of PFHxS was the highest at 2.75 mg/L,followed by PFESAs.The median concentrations of PFAS and PFECAs were lower,at 0.12 mg/L and 0.13 mg/L,respectively.Among infants at the age of 6 months,communicative energy areas had the highest rate of developmental problems/delays and the gross motor energy area had the lowest rate of developmental problems/delays.There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of developmental problems/delays in the ASQ region between male and female infants(P>0.05).Maternal gestational plasma concentrations of PFAS were positively correlated with developmental problems in infants'fine-motor ergodic regions,while PFHxS concentrations were positively correlated with developmental problems in infants'fine-motor ergodic regions and personal-social problems ergodic regions,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The plasma concentrations of the PFAS substitutes,PFECAs an

关 键 词：胚胎 全氟和多氟烷基物质 生长 发育 队列研究 妊娠 

分 类 号：R994[医药卫生—毒理学]