磨料水射流强化SLM成形AlSi10Mg合金表面机理分析  

Analysis of the Surface Mechanism of AlSi10Mg Alloy Formed by SLM Strengthened with Abrasive Water

作　　者：张苗苗 侯荣国[1,2] 吕哲 孙浩程[1] 崔焕勇 云昊 ZHANG Miaomiao;HOU Rongguo;LYU Zhe;SUN Haocheng;CUI Huanyong;YUN Hao(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Shandong Zibo 255000,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing and Non-traditional Machining,Shandong Zibo 255000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学机械工程学院,山东淄博255000 [2]山东省精密制造及特种加工重点实验室,山东淄博255000

出　　处：《表面技术》2025年第5期257-264,共8页Surface Technology

摘　　要：目的利用磨料水射流冲击SLM成形AlSi10Mg合金表面,减少合金材料表面存在的应力集中、微裂纹等缺陷,提升合金的表面性能。方法基于显式动力学模型,并采用J-C材料本构,建立多磨料水射流冲击强化模型,数值模拟磨料水射流冲击AlSi10Mg合金表面变形过程,获得合金表面应力应变分布规律,并分析工艺参数对应力应变分布规律的影响,计算不同工艺参数下覆盖率为100%时磨料的颗粒数目,通过相关实验验证数值模型的可行性。结果通过改变磨料水射流强化的工艺参数,获得了工件表面应力应变的变化规律;通过磨料水射流强化实验,获得了强化后的表面残余应力,强化后表面残余压应力随着射流压力和磨料粒径的增加而增大,工件表面残余应力由残余拉应力(34.49MPa)变为残余压应力(-129.4MPa),消除了表面裂纹及拉应力集中的缺陷,合金组织细化,由原来的鱼鳞形状变得平整。通过实验和数值模拟得到的残余应力之间的最大误差为5.02%。结论证明了所建立的随机多磨料强化模型的可行性,通过磨料水射流强化后,合金的表面缺陷减少,其性能得到提升。Abrasive water jets are used to impact the surface of SLM-formed AlSi10Mg alloys,so as to reduce the stress concentration,microcracks and other defects on the surface of the alloy materials and improve the surface properties of the alloys.The work aims to study the abrasive water jet impact strengthening process and its strengthening mechanism by combining numerical simulation and experiment.Firstly,an abrasive water jet impact strengthening model was established based on the explicit kinetic model and the J-C material ontology,and the study was carried out from single-grain abrasive and multi-grain abrasive,respectively.By establishing a single-grain abrasive impact reinforcement model and calculating the number of abrasive particles at 100% coverage under different process parameters,the relationship between the process parameters and the coverage of the impact area was determined.Based on the requirement of 100% coverage,the uniform function in Python was used to establish randomly distributed abrasive particles in a specific space,numerically simulate the deformation process of abrasive water jet impacting on the surface of AlSi10Mg alloy,obtain the stress-strain distribution law on the surface of the alloy,and analyze the effect of the process parameters on the stress-strain distribution law,and validate the numerical model through relevant experiments.The feasibility of the numerical model was verified by relevant experiments.In the numerical simulation process,by changing the process parameters of abrasive water jet reinforcement,the plastic strain of the surface of the workpiece and the jet pressure and abrasive grain size of the law of change were obtained and the jet pressure for the surface of the workpiece plastic strain had the greatest effect followed by the abrasive grain size.Secondly,the experimental study of abrasive water jet impact strengthening was carried out,and the post-mixed abrasive water jet method was used in the experiments,and the experimental variables were jet pressure and abrasive

关 键 词：磨料水射流 SLM成形AlSi10Mg 表面强化 残余应力 表面变形 强化机制 

分 类 号：TG176[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]