基于多源观测资料的江淮气旋北部层状云系宏微观特征  

Macro-and micro-structures of stratiform cloud systems in the northern region of the Yangtze-Huaihe cyclone based on multi-source observations

作　　者：赵舒文 陶玥[1] 胡向峰 左懂飞 陈羿辰 李军霞 魏蕾 沈淑婧 李祥 ZHAO Shuwen;TAO Yue;HU Xiangfeng;ZUO Dongfei;CHEN Yichen;LI Junxia;WEI Lei;SHEN Shujing;LI Xiang(CMA Weather Modification Centre,Beijing 100081,China;Hebei Provincial Weather Modification Office,Shijiazhuang 050021,China;Beijing Weather Modification Center,Beijing 100089,China;School of Atmospheric Sciences/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局人工影响天气中心,北京100081 [2]河北省人工影响天气中心,河北石家庄050021 [3]北京市人工影响天气中心,北京100089 [4]中山大学大气科学学院/广东省气候变化与自然灾害研究重点实验室,广东珠海519082

出　　处：《大气科学学报》2025年第1期164-176,共13页Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2024J029)。

摘　　要：基于卫星、组网天气雷达、毫米波云雷达和飞机等观测资料以及ERA5再分析资料,对2023年4月4日河北南部一次层状云降水过程进行分析。结果表明,此次降水过程是高空槽、江淮气旋以及低空急流共同影响下的江淮气旋北部层状云降水过程。云系结构分析表明,江淮气旋进入成熟阶段后,云系向东北方向移动,云顶高度介于8至11 km,云系发展深厚。在降水发展时段,云中冰相粒子占主导地位,微物理转化过程主要涉及冰晶的凝华增长、聚并增长以及淞附增长。在降水消散时段,云中同样以冰相粒子为主,但云顶和云底降低,冰晶层变得浅薄,云中存在冰晶繁生过程。This study investigates the macro-and micro-physical characteristics of a stratiform precipitation event in southern Hebei on April 4,2023,influenced by a combination of a high-altitude trough,the Yangtze-Huaihe cyclone,and a low-level jet stream.Leveraging data from the Luancheng Cloud Microphysics Superstation,aircraft observations,operational weather radar,and satellite imagery,the research provides a comprehensive analysis of the cloud microphysical and precipitation processes.The precipitation event,located north of the Yangtze-Huaihe cyclone,was driven by dynamic interactions between a low-level jet at 850 hPa,a high-altitude trough at 500 hPa,and a reversed trough at 700 hPa.These conditions created upper-level divergence and lower-level convergence across Hebei Province,facilitating the large-scale ascent of warm,moist air and the formation of a stratiform cloud system.Analysis of radar reflectivity and FY-4B satellite data,including cloud-top height and blackbody brightness temperature,indicated that the Yangtze-Huaihe cyclone reached its mature stage on April 4,displaying a typical“comma-shaped”cloud structure that moved northeastward over time.The stratiform cloud region north of the cyclone exhibited cloud-top brightness temperatures ranging from-10℃to-25℃,within the“cloud seeding temperature window.”Cloud-top heights ranged from 8 to 11 km,indicating a deep and well-developed cloud system.During the precipitation development phase,the cloud system consisted primarily of ice-phase particles.Above 3.8 km,ice crystals dominated,originating from small ice crystals falling from the convective region and nucleated ice crystals in the stratiform cloud.These crystals underwent slow deposition growth as they descended.Between 1.8 and 3.8 km,the cloud radar reflectivity factor increased significantly,reflecting processes such as deposition growth,aggregation,and riming of ice crystals.Below 1.8 km,precipitation transitioned to rain as ice crystals melted upon exiting the cloud layer.In the dissipat

关 键 词：层状云降水 云宏微观特征 飞机观测 多源观测 江淮气旋 

分 类 号：P426.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P412