4-溴-3,5-二硝基-1-甲基吡唑的合成与表征  

Synthesis and Characterization of 4-Bromo-3,5-Dinitro-1-Methylpyrazole

作　　者：李珂瑶 荆苏明 王治能 陈乾雄 王媛媛 朱锦 LI Ke-yao;JING Su-ming;WANG Zhi-neng;CHEN Qian-xiong;WANG Yuan-yuan;ZHU Jin(School of Environmental and Safety Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan,030051;Dongying Yatong Petrochemical Company Limited,Dongying,257000;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing,210094)

机构地区：[1]中北大学环境与安全工程学院,山西太原030051 [2]东营市亚通石化有限公司,山东东营257000 [3]南京理工大学化学与化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《火工品》2025年第2期38-44,共7页Initiators & Pyrotechnics

摘　　要：为了获得优良的熔铸炸药载体,以4-溴-1-甲基吡唑为原料,浓硫酸与发烟硝酸为硝化剂,一步硝化得到4-溴-3,5-二硝基-1-甲基吡唑(BMDNP)。通过X-射线单晶衍射、红外光谱、核磁图谱对BMDNP的晶体结构进行表征,采用EXPLO 5.0程序对其爆轰性能进行计算,使用卡斯特落锤、摆式摩擦感度仪等仪器对其机械感度进行测试,并通过差示扫描量热仪对其热性能进行分析。结果表明:该化合物密度为2.137 g·cm^(-3),生成焓为266.4 kJ·mol^(-1),理论爆速为7 486 m·s_(-1),爆压为26.3 GPa,撞击感度H50为75 cm,摩擦感度为16%,熔点为115℃。In order to obtain excellent melt-cast explosive carriers,4-bromo-1-methylpyrazole was used as the raw material,concentrated sulfuric acid and fuming nitric acid were used as nitration agents,and 4-bromo-3,5-dinitro-1-methylpyrazole(BMDNP)was acquired through one-step nitration.The crystal structure of BMDNP was characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction,infrared spectrum and nuclear magnetic spectrum.Its detonation performance was calculated using the EXPLO 5.0 program.Its mechanical sensitivity was tested using instruments such as the Custer drop hammer and pendulum friction sensitivity analyzer.And Its thermal performance was analyzed using a differential scanning calorimeter.The results show that the density of the compound is 2.137 g·cm^(-3),the enthalpy of formation is 266.4 kJ·mol^(-1),the theoretical detonation velocity is 7486 m·s^(-1),the detonation pressure is 26.3 GPa,the impact sensitivity(H50)is 75 cm,the friction sensitivity is 16%,and the melting point is 115℃.

关 键 词：4-溴-3 5-二硝基-1-甲基吡唑 合成 表征 晶体结构 性能 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ560.4[化学工程—炸药化工]