云爆药剂用微纳米铝粉反应特性研究  

Study on the Reaction Characteristics of Micro/Nano-Aluminum Powder Used in FAE Fuels

作　　者：金大勇[1] 任秀秀 方伟[1] 李文祥[1] 郭昕[1] 王彩玲[1] JIN Da-yong;REN Xiu-xiu;FANG Wei;LI Wen-xiang;GUO Xin;WANG Cai-ling(Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi’an,710065)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《火工品》2025年第2期53-58,共6页Initiators & Pyrotechnics

摘　　要：为了探究不同规格微纳米铝粉在云爆药剂中的适应性,采用扫描电镜、激光粒度仪及比表面积分析仪对4种规格的微纳米铝粉的理化特性进行了表征,并利用热重分析仪和激光点火装置对其热反应特性及点火特性进行了对比研究;在此基础上,设计了2种包含不同规格铝粉的云爆药剂配方,对其微观结构及点火特性进行了实验研究。结果表明:相对于球状铝粉,片状铝粉的分散性更好;纳米铝粉和片状微米铝粉(铝-C)的反应敏感性及点火特性更好;2种含铝云爆药剂的缺陷率接近,铝粉分布均匀程度一致;包含纳米铝粉与片状微米铝粉(铝-B)的云爆药剂的点火延迟时间更短,最低点火能量也更小,点火性能更好。In order to investigate the adaptability of different specifications of micro/nano-aluminum powder in FAE fuels,the physical and chemical properties of four specifications of micro/nano-aluminum powder were characterized using scanning electron microscopy,laser particle size analyzer,and specific surface area analyzer.The thermal reaction characteristics and ignition characteristics were compared using thermogravimetric analyzer and laser ignition device;On this basis,two formulations of FAE fuels containing different specifications of aluminum powder were designed,and their microstructure and ignition characteristics were experimentally studied.The results show that compared to spherical aluminum powder,flake aluminum powder has better dispersibility;The reaction sensitivity and ignition characteristics of nano-aluminum powder and flake micro-aluminum powder(Al-C)are better;The defect rates of two formulations of aluminum containing FAE fuels are similar,and the uniformity of aluminum powder distribution is consistent;The FAE fuel containing nano aluminum powder and flake micro-aluminum powder(Al-B)has a shorter ignition delay time,lower minimum ignition energy,and better ignition performance.

关 键 词：微/纳米铝粉 云爆药剂 激光点火 反应敏感性 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ560.4[化学工程—炸药化工]