广西河池地区9个薄壳山核桃品种引种评价  

Introduction Evaluation of Nine Carya illinoinensis Varieties in Hechi of Guangxi

作　　者：温建湖 黄丽芸 韦洁琼 谢代祖 黄晓露[1] 赵志珩[1] 廖健明[1] Wen Jianhu;Huang Liyun;Wei Jieqiong;Xie Daizu;Huang Xiaolu;Zhao Zhiheng;Liao Jianming(Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Guangxi Laboratory of Forestry,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-wood Forests Cultivation and Utilization,Nanning,Guangxi 530002,China;Forestry Bureau of Huanjiang County,Hechi,Guangxi 547100,China;Dashantang Forest Farm in Jinchengjiang District,Hechi,Guangxi 547000,China;Hechi Forestry Research Institute,Hechi,Guangxi 547000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院、广西林业实验室、广西特色经济林培育与利用重点实验室,广西南宁530002 [2]环江毛南族自治县林业局,广西河池547100 [3]河池市金城江区大山塘林场,广西河池547000 [4]河池市林业科学研究院,广西河池547000

出　　处：《广西林业科学》2025年第1期20-27,共8页Guangxi Forestry Science

基　　金：广西林科院研究团队项目(2024RT 20);广西林业科技示范推广项目([2022]GT20号,gl2018kt12);广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目(桂科AA17204058-2);广西特色经济林培育与利用重点实验室自主课题(19-A-03-03,JA-20-03-02)。

摘　　要：为筛选出适宜在广西河池地区推广的优良薄壳山核桃(Carya illinoinensis)品种,以引种至河池市大山塘林场的9个7年生薄壳山核桃品种为材料,测定坚果产量和表型性状及核仁营养成分等指标;选取10个指标,采用主成分分析法对9个品种进行综合评价。结果表明,单株坚果产量变异系数最大(82.30%);9个品种单株坚果产量为0.08~2.03 kg,‘波尼’单株坚果产量最高;‘亚林13号’单株出籽率最高(44.90%)。‘萨波’坚果最重(8.20 g),‘亚林13号’核仁最重(4.47 g),‘波尼’出仁率最高(58.54%)。9个品种核仁脂肪含量为422.62~742.31 mg/g;脂肪酸中,油酸含量均最高,占脂肪酸含量的64.92%~74.54%;‘莫汉克’核仁脂肪和油酸含量均最高。‘茅山1号’核仁总糖含量最高(88.51 mg/g),‘马罕’核仁蛋白质含量最高(118.64 mg/g),‘波尼’核仁单宁含量最低(2.80 mg/g)。对不同品种的10个指标进行主成分分析,综合评分较高的品种为‘莫汉克‘’波尼’和‘亚林13号’,可在广西河池地区推广。In order to select excellent varieties of Carya illinoinensis which are suitable for popularization in Hechi of Guangxi,taking nine 7-year-old C.illinoinensis varieties which were introduced and planted in Dashantang forest farm in Hechi as materials,indexes including nut yield,nut phenotypic traits and nutritional components of kernel were determined.Taking ten indexes,principal component analysis was used for comprehensive evaluation of nine varieties.Results showed that coefficient of variation of nut yield of single plant was the largest(82.30%).Nut yields of single plants of nine varieties ranged from 0.08 to 2.03 kg,which was the highest in'Pawnee'.Nut rate of single plant of'YLC13'was the highest(44.90%).Nut weight of'San Saba Improved'was the largest(8.20 g).Kernel weight of'YLC13'was the largest(4.47 g).Kernel rate of'Pawnee'was the highest(58.54%).Fat contents in kernels of nine varieties ranged from 422.62 to 742.31 mg/g.In fatty acids,oleic acid contents were the highest in nine varieties,accounting for 64.92%-74.54%of fatty acid contents.Contents of fat and oleic acid in kernel of'Mohawk'were the highest.Total sugar content in kernel of'MS1'was the highest(88.51 mg/g).Protein content in kernel of'Mahan'was the highest(118.64 mg/g).Tannin content in kernel of'Pawnee'was the lowest(2.80 mg/g).Principal component analysis on ten indexes of different varieties showed that'Mohawk''Pawnee'and'YLC13'had higher comprehensive scores,which could be popularized in Hechi of Guangxi.

关 键 词：引种 坚果品质 经济性状 薄壳山核桃 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]