基于AHP-熵权法的生物天然气项目全生命周期环境影响评价研究  

Research on Life Cycle Environmental Impact Assessment of Bionatural Gas Projects Based on AHP Entropy Weight Method

作　　者：董颖涛 冉龙飞 张萌 高丽娟[1] 李秉繁 魏依凡 DONG Yingtao;RAN Longfei;ZHANG Meng;GAO Lijuan;LI Bingfan;WEI Yifan(Power China Northwest Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an Shaanxi 710065,China;Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao Hebei 06600,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710065 [2]燕山大学,河北秦皇岛066000

出　　处：《当代化工》2025年第2期433-439,共7页Contemporary Chemical Industry

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(项目编号:E2023203064);中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司项目(项目编号:XBY-KJ-2022-01)。

摘　　要：为了研究生物天然气项目对环境的影响,首先从全生命周期角度对生物天然气项目进行评估,计算污染物的总排放;其次,选择了全球变暖、人体健康、气溶胶、光化学臭氧以及酸化5个方面环境影响类型作为生物天然气项目全生命周期环境影响评价类型;最后,利用AHP-熵权法对生物天然气项目全生命周期环境影响进行评价。结果表明:生物天然气项目替代燃煤能够有效减少对环境影响。从生物天然气项目与替代煤炭燃烧减排量化数值来看,对于全球变暖改善潜力最大,高达95.26%,其次是光化学臭氧为92.94%,减排效果由大到小依次为:全球变暖、光化学臭氧、人体健康、酸化、气溶胶;从环境综合评价方面来看,生物天然气项目对环境影响总负荷远小于煤炭燃烧对环境的影响总负荷,减排效果高达62.98%。研究结果可为我国生物天然气项目全生命周期环境影响评价提供理论依据与方法支撑。In order to study the environmental impact of biological natural gas projects,the total emissions of pollutants from biological natural gas projects were first evaluated and calculated from the perspective of the life cycle assessment;secondly,five environmental impact types were selected for the full life cycle environmental impact assessment of natural gas projects,including global warming,human health,aerosols,photochemical ozone,and acidification;finally,the AHP entropy weight method was used to evaluate the environmental impact of the entire life cycle of biogas projects.The results indicated that replacing coal with biogas projects could effectively reduce the environmental impact.From the quantitative values of biomass natural gas projects and alternative coal combustion emissions reduction,the greatest potential for improving global warming was 95.26%,followed by photochemical ozone at 92.94%.The emission reduction effects were ranked in descending order:global warming,photochemical ozone,human health,acidification,aerosol;from the perspective of comprehensive environmental evaluation,the total environmental impact load of biogas projects was much smaller than that of coal combustion,and the emission reduction effect was as high as 62.98%.The research results can provide theoretical basis and methodological support for the full life cycle environmental impact assessment of biological natural gas projects in China.

关 键 词：生物天然气 环境影响评价 全生命周期 AHP-熵权法 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TQ018[化学工程]