竖缝式鱼道内短须裂腹鱼上溯行为模拟  

Simulation of the upstream behavior of Schizothorax wangchiachii in vertical slot fishway

作　　者：石小涛[1,2] 邓星勇 陈小龙 蒋永强 王宇 胡晓 谭均军[1,2] SHI Xiaotao;DENG Xingyong;CHEN Xiaolong;JIANG Yongqiang;WANG Yu;HU Xiao;TAN Junjun(College of Hydraulic and Environment Engineering,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002 China;Hubei International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Fish Passage,Yichang 443002,China;Technology Consulting of the Pearl River Water Resources Commission(GuangZhou)Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510611,China;China International Water&Electric Corp,Beijing 101117,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学水利与环境学院,宜昌443002 [2]湖北省鱼类过坝技术国际科技合作基地,宜昌443002 [3]水利部珠江水利委员会技术咨询(广州)有限公司,广州510611 [4]中国水利电力对外有限公司,北京101117

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2025年第2期175-184,F0003,共11页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52279069);湖北省自然科学基金计划(创新群体项目)(2023AFA005)。

摘　　要：鱼类行为与水力因子之间的关系是鱼道结构优化的关键。为了探索鱼类行为与水力因子之间的关系,该研究基于欧拉-拉格朗日智能体方法(eulerian-lagrangian-agent method,ELAM),提出兼顾多种水力因子和鱼类变速游动的鱼类上溯行为预测模型。首先,采用主成分分析方法计算流速、湍动能、涡量和应变率对短须裂腹鱼上溯行为的影响;然后,基于鱼类运动特点构建包含上溯、避障、惯性和随机行为的行为模型;并通过水流速度与鱼类游泳速度的响应关系构建鱼类可变游泳速度模型;最后,利用所提模型在竖缝式鱼道内模拟鱼类上溯轨迹,并对涡量、应变率、湍动能和流速对鱼类上溯行为的影响进行分析。结果表明:模拟特征轨迹与实测特征轨迹误差较小,R^(2)为0.935,模型预测精度较高;涡量在鱼类上溯过程中有关键作用,是确保鱼类上溯方向的关键水力因子。所提上溯鱼类行为预测模型可为鱼道设计和优化提供参考。Fishways can be one of the most important engineering measures to assist the fish in migrating upstream over a dam.However,the initial construction of fishways cannot consider the combination of hydraulic characteristics and fish behavior,leading to low effectiveness.The structure of the fishway can be optimized to evaluate the relationship between fish behavior and hydraulic factors.It is very necessary to develop an effective mathematical model,and then simulate the fish upstream migratory.In this study,a prediction model of upstream fish behavior was proposed to consider the multiple hydraulic factors and variable-speed swimming of Schizothorax wangchiachii(S.wangchiachi).The behavior data of S.wangchiachii was obtained from physical experiments and the euler-lagrangian-agent method(ELAM).The flow velocity,turbulent kinetic energy,vorticity,and strain rate were taken as the key hydraulic driving factors on fish movement.Firstly,principal component analysis was made to calculate the effects of flow velocity,turbulent kinetic energy,vorticity,and strain rate on the upstream behavior of S.wangchiachii.Next,the preference range of S.wangchiachii of these factors was determined through statistical analysis.Then,a fish behavior model was developed to combine the fish movement,including upstream behavior(the direction of fish movement was opposite to the direction of water flow),obstacle avoidance behavior(the fish movement was used to avoid some obstacles during movement),inertia behavior(the fish moved forward some distance due to the inertia when passing through the vertical seam),and random behavior(the random movement of fish under natural conditions).Additionally,a variable speed model of fish swimming was established to determine the response relationship between water flow velocity and fish swimming speed.Finally,the improved model was used to simulate the upstream trajectory of fish in the vertical slot fishway.Both simulated and measured trajectories were calculated using ninth-order polynomial regression.T

关 键 词：过鱼设施 水力因子 上溯行为 短须裂腹鱼 欧拉-拉格朗日智能体方法 

分 类 号：TV691[水利工程—水利水电工程]