受巯基乙酸钠抑制的铜锌硫硫化矿可浮性规律  

Study on the floatability law of copper-zinc sulfide ore inhibited by sodium thioglycolate

作　　者：代旺 邓荣东[1,2] 肖世洁 赵睿祺 李鑫 DAI Wang;DENG Rongdong;XIAO Shijie;ZHAO Ruiqi;LI Xin(Zijin College of Geology and Mining,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350000,China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Green Extraction and High Value Utilization of New Energy Metals,Fuzhou 350108,China;The Second Geological Exploration Institute,China Metallurgical Geology Bureau,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学紫金地质与矿业学院,福州350000 [2]福建省新能源金属绿色提取与高值利用重点实验室,福州350108 [3]中国冶金地质总局第二地质勘查院,福州350108

出　　处：《矿冶》2025年第1期43-51,共9页Mining And Metallurgy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51804080)。

摘　　要：通过纯矿物试验,系统考察了巯基乙酸钠对黄铜矿、闪锌矿和黄铁矿可浮性的影响,并研究了丁基黄药、硫酸铜和双氧水对受巯基乙酸钠抑制的三种矿物浮选行为的影响。采用接触角、动电位和红外光谱分析等手段对样品进行分析,深入探讨丁基黄药、硫酸铜和双氧水对受巯基乙酸钠抑制的铜锌硫硫化矿的活化机理。结果表明:对受抑制黄铜矿而言,仅使用丁基黄药就能较好地恢复其可浮性,回收率可达到91.01%,而硫酸铜活化和双氧水氧化对进一步提高可浮性作用较小;受抑制的黄铁矿较黄铜矿更难恢复可浮性,需要经双氧水氧化,然后添加丁基黄药才能使其可浮性有效提高,回收率可达90.22%;受抑制闪锌矿的可浮性最难恢复,而且无论双氧水氧化还是硫酸铜活化均难以恢复其可浮性,其回收率仅不到10%。机理研究表明,丁基黄药通过竞争吸附可恢复黄铜矿表面的疏水性;硫酸铜通过为黄铜矿和黄铁矿表面提供活性位点,促进黄药的吸附;双氧水通过强氧化作用降解巯基乙酸钠,从而利于丁基黄药在黄铜矿和黄铁矿表面的吸附。本研究为受巯基乙酸钠抑制的铜锌硫硫化矿的高效分选提供了理论与技术依据。Through pure mineral experiments,the effects of sodium thioglycolate on the floatability of chalcopyrite,sphalerite,and pyrite were systematically investigated.Additionally,the influences of butyl xanthate,copper sulfate,and hydrogen peroxide on the flotation behavior of these three minerals inhibited by sodium thioglycolate were studied.Analytical techniques such as contact angle measurement,zeta potential analysis,and infrared spectroscopy were employed to analyze the samples,providing an in-depth exploration of the activation mechanisms of butyl xanthate,copper sulfate,and hydrogen peroxide on copper-zinc-iron sulfide minerals inhibited by sodium thioglycolate.The results indicate that for inhibited chalcopyrite,the use of butyl xanthate alone can effectively restore its floatability,achieving a recovery rate of 91.01%,while copper sulfate activation and hydrogen peroxide oxidation have limited effects on further improving floatability.Inhibited pyrite is more difficult to restore in terms of floatability compared to chalcopyrite,requiring hydrogen peroxide oxidation followed by the addition of butyl xanthate to significantly enhance its floatability,with a recovery rate of 90.22%.Inhibited sphalerite is the most challenging to restore in terms of floatability,as neither hydrogen peroxide oxidation nor copper sulfate activation can effectively recover its floatability,with a recovery rate of less than 10%.Mechanistic studies reveal that butyl xanthate restores the hydrophobicity of the chalcopyrite surface through competitive adsorption;copper sulfate promotes xanthate adsorption by providing active sites on the surfaces of chalcopyrite and pyrite;and hydrogen peroxide degrades sodium thioglycolate through strong oxidation,facilitating the adsorption of butyl xanthate on the surfaces of chalcopyrite and pyrite.This study provides theoretical and technical foundations for the efficient separation of copper-zinc-iron sulfide minerals inhibited by sodium thioglycolate.

关 键 词：巯基乙酸钠 硫化矿 黄铜矿 闪锌矿 黄铁矿 可浮性 浮选 活化 

分 类 号：TD952[矿业工程—选矿]