中国工业数字化发展:现状、问题及策略选择  

Digital development in China′s industrial sector:current status,issues,and strategic choices

作　　者：惠炜 高源 HUI Wei;GAO Yuan(Institute of Industrial Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100006,China;The Center for Economic Research,Shandong University,Jinan,Shandong 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院工业经济研究所,北京100006 [2]山东大学经济研究院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《沈阳工业大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期9-21,共13页Journal of Shenyang University of Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(21CJL027);中国社会科学院工业经济研究所“研究阐释习近平经济思想项目”(GJSZY2024020);中国社会科学院学科建设“登峰战略”资助计划(DF2023YS24)。

摘　　要：进入新发展阶段以来,以人工智能、大数据、区块链、云计算为代表的新一轮科技革命和产业变革浪潮推动我国数字经济迅速发展。数字经济由数字产业化与产业数字化构成,工业数字化作为产业数字化的重要组成部分,是将数字技术应用到工业生产、管理和服务的过程,在资源优化配置、提升资源利用率等方面发挥重要作用,主要包括智能制造、数字化设计、数据采集与分析、供应链数字化、云计算与边缘计算、虚拟现实与增强现实、网络安全与数字孪生。本文系统考察工业数字化发展现状与存在的问题,为进一步发挥数字经济的带动作用,实现推动产业高端化、智能化、绿色化,打造现代化产业体系奠定基础。我国通过专项项目、行业标准、示范试点等激励措施,积极引导、鼓励、支持、保障智能制造和工业互联网等工业领域数字化发展,本文利用CSMAR(中国经济金融研究)数据库分析中国工业数字化发展情况。研究发现,我国智能制造水平显著提高、工业互联网蓬勃发展、“5G+工业互联网”创新发展以及“上云用数赋智”加速推进。中国工业企业的数字化转型在党的十八大之后呈现出加速发展的态势,特别是在东部地区和制造业领域。尽管中西部地区和一些传统行业的数字化转型起步较晚,但近年来增长势头强劲,具有追赶的潜力。我国工业企业数字化转型已经取得显著成就,但仍面临关键技术领域亟待突破、工业数字化水平有待提升、区域发展不平衡、高端人才缺乏等问题。因此,为推动实体经济高质量发展,促进工业数字化发展,不仅要加快推进传统工业的数字化转型,还需要创新发展数字经济核心产业,培育发展新兴产业与未来产业,优化工业数字化发展环境,筑牢数字安全保障,大力培养数字化技术专门人才。Since entering a new stage of development,a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation represented by artificial intelligence,big data,blockchain,and cloud computing has driven the rapid development of China′s digital economy.The digital economy consists of digital industrialization and industrial digitalization.The digitalization of industries constitutes a crucial part of industrial digitalization,and it applies digital technologies to industrial production,management,and services,playing an important role in optimizing resource allocation and improving resource utilization.It involves intelligent manufacturing,digital design,data collection and analysis,supply chain digitalization,cloud and edge computing,virtual reality and augmented reality,cybersecurity,and digital twins.This paper systematically examines the current status and challenges of the digital development of industries,laying the foundation for further leveraging the driving role of the digital economy to promote high-end,intelligent,and green industrial development and to build a modern industrial system.China actively guides,encourages,supports,and ensures the digital development of industries such as intelligent manufacturing and the industrial internet through incentive measures like special projects,industry standards,and demonstration pilots.This paper utilizes the CSMAR(China Stock Market&Accounting Research Database)to analyze the digital development of industries in China.The study finds that the level of intelligent manufacturing has significantly improved,the industrial internet is flourishing,the innovative development of“5G+industrial internet”is accelerating,and the initiative of“providing inclusive cloud services to empower big data application and intellectualized reconstruction”is being promoted.Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the digital transformation of Chinese industrial enterprises has shown an accelerating trend,particularly in the eastern reg

关 键 词：工业数字化 数字经济 高质量发展 

分 类 号：F424.1[经济管理—产业经济]