加速康复外科在腹腔镜结肠癌根治术护理中的应用进展  

Application of enhanced recovery after surgery in nursing of laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer

作　　者：刘文沛 夏原 刘欣然 袁帅 周佳豪 LIU Wenpei;XIA Yuan;LIU Xinran;YUAN Shuai;ZHOU Jiahao(Nursing School of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100144,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院护理学院,北京市100144

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2025年第3期348-355,共8页Nursing Practice and Research

摘　　要：结直肠癌是我国常见的消化系统恶性肿瘤之一,2022年发病率位居第二,病死率位居第四,且近几年有上升的趋势。这不仅给我国公共卫生系统带来了巨大压力,也使得患者及其家庭承受了巨大的心理压力和经济负担。传统的结肠癌治疗手段主要依赖外科手术,但此方法会留下较大的切口,并可能引发肠梗阻、手术切口感染等并发症,对患者的术后恢复不利,同时还增加了患者的经济负担,因此改善结直肠癌患者术后恢复效果的护理方法十分重要。加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)可以通过围手术期的一系列基于循证医学依据的医疗和护理措施,减轻患者应激和术后并发症,改善预后,从而帮助患者尽快康复。腹腔镜微创外科手术技术的发展日趋成熟,其手术切口小、恢复快的特点与加速康复外的理念较为吻合。相比于常规的围手术期护理,加速康复外科护理具有术后恢复快、出血量小、并发症少、住院时间短等方面的优势。本研究文献检索了近年来国内外诸多基于循证医学的研究,这些文献证实加速康复外科护理应用于腹腔镜结肠癌根治术围手术期的有效性和安全性较高。尽管加速康复外科已取得了较好成果,但仍存在一些问题,例如缺少系统评价和实施困难等。为促进加速康复外科护理在腹腔镜结肠癌根治术围手术期中的应用,并为其提供理论依据和参考,本研究就加速康复外科护理在腹腔镜结肠癌根治术围术期的应用现状、现存问题及未来展望等进行综述。Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of digestive system in China,with the second highest incidence and the fourth highest fatality rate in 2022,and shown a rising trend in recent years.This not only puts tremendous pressure on the public health system,but also puts tremendous psychological pressure and financial burden on patients and their families.Traditional methods of colon cancer treatment mainly rely on surgery,while this method will leave a large incision,and may cause intestinal obstruction,surgical incision infection and other complications,adverse to the postoperative recovery of patients,but also increase the economic burden of patients,so improve the postoperative recovery of patients with colorectal cancer nursing methods is significant.Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)could reduce patient stress and postoperative complications and improve prognosis through a series of medical and nursing measures based on evidence-based medicine in the perioperative period,thus helping patients recover as soon as possible.The development of minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery technology is becoming more and more mature,and its characteristics of small incision and fast recovery are more consistent with the concept of accelerated rehabilitation.Compared with the conventional perioperative nursing,enhanced recovery after surgery nursing has the advantages of faster postoperative recovery,less bleeding,fewer complications and shorter hospital stay.Various literatures based on evidence-based medicine at home and abroad were searched in recent years,which confirmed the effectiveness and safety of enhanced recovery after surgery nursing in the perioperative period of laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer.Although enhanced recovery after surgery had good results,but problems were still existed,such as lack of systematic evaluation and implementation difficulties.In order to promote the application of enhanced recovery after surgery nursing in the perioperative period of laparoscopi

关 键 词：加速康复外科 腹腔镜结肠癌根治术 围手术期护理 应用现状 综述 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]