骨科外固定支架患者预防针道感染的循证方案实践应用  

Practical application of an evidence-based program for preventing pin tract infections in patients with orthopedic external fixators

作　　者：熊丽娟 刘小华[1] 周银好[1] 范红梅[1] 焦燕燕 XIONG Lijuan;LIU Xiaohua;ZHOU Yinhao;FAN Hongmei;JIAO Yanyan(Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Zhongshan 528400,China)

机构地区：[1]中山市中医院创伤骨科,广东省中山市528400

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2025年第3期452-458,共7页Nursing Practice and Research

基　　金：广东省中山市卫生局医学科研项目(2023A020342)。

摘　　要：目的构建骨科外固定支架患者预防针道感染的最佳循证实践方案,且对其应用效果进行评价。方法选取2022年9月—2023年9月中山市中医院创伤骨科行外固定支架的240例患者为研究对象,按照组间基本特征具有可比性的原则,分为对照组和观察组,每组120例。对照组进行常规护理干预,观察组在干预前,通过文献研究法、专家咨询等对骨科外固定支架患者发生针道感染的影响因素进行分析、总结,根据影响因素利用知网、万方等数据库,结合临床护理经验,获取能够改善导致针道感染因素的证据支持,构建循证实践方案并进行实施。统计两组患者针道感染发生情况、外固定支架固定时间、早期功能锻炼时间、患者自我护理效能及护理满意度情况。结果观察组患者针道感染发生率(21.67%)低于对照组(40.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者外固定支架固定时间、早期功能锻炼时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后观察组患者自我效能评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者护理满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论骨科外固定针道感染循证实践方案的构建及应用,有助于缩短患者外固定时间、促进早期功能锻炼开展和提升患者自我护理能力,继而更好地预防针道感染,患者满意度较高。Objective To develop the best evidence-based practice program for preventing pin tract infections in patients with orthopedic external fixators and evaluate its application effect.Methods A total of 240 patients who underwent external fixation in the Orthopaedic Trauma Department of Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2022 to September 2023 were selected as research subjects.According to the principle of comparability of basic characteristics between the groups,they were divided into a control group and an observation group,with 120 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing intervention.Before the intervention,the observation group analyzed and summarized the influencing factors of pin tract infection in patients with orthopedic external fixators through literature review and expert consultation.Based on these influencing factors,we used databases such as CNKI and Wanfang,combined with clinical nursing experience,to obtain evidence support that can improve the factors leading to pin tract infections,and to develop and implement an evidence-based practice program.The incidence of pin tract infections,external fixation duration,early functional exercise time,patients’self-care efficacy and nursing satisfaction were statistically analyzed between the two groups of patients.Results The incidence of pin tract infections in the observation group(21.67%)was lower than that in the control group(40.00%),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The external fixation duration and early functional exercise time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After the intervention,the self-efficacy score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The patient's satisfaction with care in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusio

关 键 词：外固定支架 针道感染 循证护理 自我护理效能 护理满意度 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]