交变电磁远场环焊缝地面非开挖检测技术与应用  

Non-excavation detection technology and application of alternating electromagnetic far-field circumferential welding seam on the ground

作　　者：何腾蛟 廖健成 廖柯熹 HE Tengjiao;LIAO Jiancheng;LIAO Kexi(Petroleum Engineering School,Southwest Petroleum University)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,四川省成都市610500

出　　处：《管道保护》2025年第1期38-49,共12页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目“基于主动励磁的钢质管道三维应力定量表征与智能监测研究”(52174062);四川省自然科学基金资助项目“山地油气管道复杂荷载力磁响应机理与智能监测研究”(2023NSFSC0420)。

摘　　要：油气管道检测是保障国家现代能源供应体系与管道生命线安全运营的重要技术支撑。非接触磁测法具有非开挖、不受管径与运行工况限制等优势,已发展成为埋地管道检测的主要手段之一。然而,基于地磁激励的管道磁层析检测技术(MTM)信号强度微弱,受干扰因素多,测量结果重复性差,难以实现埋地管道的准确检测。本文提出一种基于交变励磁的新型管道环焊缝地面非开挖检测技术,首先基于麦克斯韦电磁理论,阐明了交变励磁下埋地管道缺陷地面磁异常响应机制,确定了交变电磁远场检测技术原理。进而设计搭建了全尺寸埋地管段交变电磁检测试验系统,结合自主研制的管道三轴高精度智能检测装置,定量测试了交变激励场对远场磁信号的影响规律,揭示了环焊缝的远场磁异常特征。基于此,建立了埋地油气管道环焊缝交变电磁远场检测与损伤程度定量评价方法。在西南地区某集输管道选取11处典型管段开展了现场工程试验,并与开挖检测结果进行了对比分析。结果表明:交变激励场仅改变环焊缝地面远场磁信号强度;同时,信号变化幅值随交变场频率增加呈现出先增大后减小的趋势。在试验条件下,优选出的激励频率使信号变化幅值提升了92%。在现场应用中,共识别出环焊缝10处,开挖验证准确率为91%,证明了该技术的可行性与准确性,且具有良好的工程应用价值。Inspecting oil and gas pipelines is crucial for national energy supply and lifeline projects.The non-contact magnetic measurement method with non-excavation has no limits on pipe diameter or operating conditions is a major tool to detect buried pipelines.However,the pipeline magnetic tomography detection technology(MTM)based on geomagnetic excitation has weak signals and many interference factors,challenging the accurate measurement results of non-repeating detection.To resolve this,this paper proposed a new non-excavation ground detection technology for pipeline circumferential welds using alternating excitation.Based on Maxwell’s theory,it clarified the magnetic anomaly mechanism,determines the far-field detection principle.A test system and a high-precision device was employed to study the influence of the alternating field.A quantitative evaluation method was established.On-site tests’results on 11 pipeline sections in the southwest show that the alternating field changes the far-field magnetic signal of circumferential welds.With 10 welds have been identified and 91%accuracy achieved,the technology’s feasibility is proven.

关 键 词：埋地管道 非接触磁检测 仪器开发 应力损伤识别评估 

分 类 号：TE973.6[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]